[{"id": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "skill": "author purpose", "options": ["To describe a personal vacation experience", "To provide step-by-step instructions", "To entertain with a lighthearted story", "To persuade the audience to think critically about the topic and take action"], "question": "What is the author's primary purpose in \"On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy\"?", "difficulty": "medium", "explanation": "Author's purpose is the reason the author wrote the text: to inform, persuade, entertain, or express.", "needs_review": false, "correct_answer": "To persuade the audience to think critically about the topic and take action"}, {"id": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "skill": "rhetoric", "options": ["The author uses no rhetorical strategies", "Logos — logical reasoning and evidence", "Only ethos — claiming authority without supporting it", "Only pathos — emotional appeal without any evidence"], "question": "Which rhetorical appeal does the author use most effectively in this passage?", "difficulty": "hard", "explanation": "Rhetorical appeals include ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), and logos (logic). Strong arguments blend multiple appeals.", "needs_review": false, "correct_answer": "Logos — logical reasoning and evidence"}, {"id": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "skill": "tone", "options": ["Thoughtful and persuasive", "Humorous and sarcastic", "Angry and hostile", "Indifferent and bored"], "question": "Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage?", "difficulty": "medium", "explanation": "Tone is the author's attitude toward the subject, revealed through word choice and style.", "needs_review": false, "correct_answer": "Thoughtful and persuasive"}, {"id": 4, "type": "short_answer", "skill": "literary devices", "question": "Identify one example of figurative language or rhetorical technique in the passage. Name the device and explain its effect on the reader.", "difficulty": "hard", "explanation": "Look for metaphor, simile, parallelism, rhetorical questions, repetition, or imagery.", "needs_review": true, "correct_answer": null}, {"id": 5, "type": "written_response", "skill": "literary analysis", "question": "Write a well-developed analytical paragraph responding to \"On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy.\" Your response should: (1) state a clear claim about the author's central argument or theme, (2) include at least two direct references to the text, (3) explain how the evidence supports your claim, and (4) consider the effectiveness of the author's approach. Use formal academic language.", "difficulty": "hard", "explanation": "", "needs_review": true, "correct_answer": null}]