101	34	Informational Writing	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.253485	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of developing writing skills to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice developing writing skills. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	Amazing Butterflies	informational_text	Butterflies are some of the most beautiful insects in the world. They can be found on every continent except Antarctica. There are more than 17,000 different species of butterflies.\n\nA butterfly goes through four stages in its life. This is called metamorphosis. First, a butterfly starts as a tiny egg. The mother butterfly lays her eggs on a leaf. Second, a caterpillar hatches from the egg. The caterpillar eats leaves and grows bigger every day. Third, the caterpillar forms a chrysalis around its body. Inside the chrysalis, an amazing change happens. Fourth, a butterfly emerges with beautiful wings. It spreads its wings and flies away.\n\nButterflies are important to our planet. When a butterfly lands on a flower to drink nectar, pollen sticks to its body. When it flies to another flower, the pollen rubs off. This is called pollination, and it helps plants grow new seeds.\n\nButterflies have some interesting features. They taste with their feet! They also have thousands of tiny scales on their wings that create colorful patterns. Some butterflies migrate thousands of miles. The monarch butterfly travels from Canada to Mexico every fall. That is a journey of over 3,000 miles.\n\nUnfortunately, many butterfly species are in danger. When forests are cut down or fields are sprayed with chemicals, butterflies lose their homes and food. We can help by planting flowers, avoiding pesticides, and protecting natural areas.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Developing writing skills	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
103	35	Subject-Verb Agreement	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar	Khan Academy: Grammar	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.255944	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding grammar and sentence structure. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Subject-Verb Agreement, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	Water: Earth's Most Important Resource	informational_text	Water covers about 71 percent of Earth's surface, but did you know that only about 3 percent of that water is fresh water? Most of Earth's water is in the oceans, which are too salty to drink.\n\nFresh water is found in rivers, lakes, and underground. People use fresh water every day for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and growing food. Farmers need water to grow crops. Factories use water to make products. Animals and plants need water to survive.\n\nWater moves in a cycle called the water cycle. The sun heats water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. This heat turns liquid water into water vapor, which rises into the air. This is called evaporation. When the vapor cools high in the sky, it turns back into tiny water droplets that form clouds. This is called condensation. When clouds hold too much water, the droplets fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. This is called precipitation. The water flows into rivers and lakes or soaks into the ground, and the cycle starts again.\n\nWater pollution is a serious problem. When people dump trash, chemicals, or waste into rivers and lakes, it makes the water unsafe for people and animals. Oil spills, factory runoff, and littering all harm our water.\n\nWe can help protect water by turning off the faucet when brushing teeth, taking shorter showers, fixing leaky pipes, and never throwing trash into waterways. Every drop counts.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
105	35	Conjunctions	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.257854	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding grammar and sentence structure. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Conjunctions, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	Amazing Butterflies	informational_text	Butterflies are some of the most beautiful insects in the world. They can be found on every continent except Antarctica. There are more than 17,000 different species of butterflies.\n\nA butterfly goes through four stages in its life. This is called metamorphosis. First, a butterfly starts as a tiny egg. The mother butterfly lays her eggs on a leaf. Second, a caterpillar hatches from the egg. The caterpillar eats leaves and grows bigger every day. Third, the caterpillar forms a chrysalis around its body. Inside the chrysalis, an amazing change happens. Fourth, a butterfly emerges with beautiful wings. It spreads its wings and flies away.\n\nButterflies are important to our planet. When a butterfly lands on a flower to drink nectar, pollen sticks to its body. When it flies to another flower, the pollen rubs off. This is called pollination, and it helps plants grow new seeds.\n\nButterflies have some interesting features. They taste with their feet! They also have thousands of tiny scales on their wings that create colorful patterns. Some butterflies migrate thousands of miles. The monarch butterfly travels from Canada to Mexico every fall. That is a journey of over 3,000 miles.\n\nUnfortunately, many butterfly species are in danger. When forests are cut down or fields are sprayed with chemicals, butterflies lose their homes and food. We can help by planting flowers, avoiding pesticides, and protecting natural areas.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
107	36	Finding Information	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.260061	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice reading comprehension. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Finding Information, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	Amazing Butterflies	informational_text	Butterflies are some of the most beautiful insects in the world. They can be found on every continent except Antarctica. There are more than 17,000 different species of butterflies.\n\nA butterfly goes through four stages in its life. This is called metamorphosis. First, a butterfly starts as a tiny egg. The mother butterfly lays her eggs on a leaf. Second, a caterpillar hatches from the egg. The caterpillar eats leaves and grows bigger every day. Third, the caterpillar forms a chrysalis around its body. Inside the chrysalis, an amazing change happens. Fourth, a butterfly emerges with beautiful wings. It spreads its wings and flies away.\n\nButterflies are important to our planet. When a butterfly lands on a flower to drink nectar, pollen sticks to its body. When it flies to another flower, the pollen rubs off. This is called pollination, and it helps plants grow new seeds.\n\nButterflies have some interesting features. They taste with their feet! They also have thousands of tiny scales on their wings that create colorful patterns. Some butterflies migrate thousands of miles. The monarch butterfly travels from Canada to Mexico every fall. That is a journey of over 3,000 miles.\n\nUnfortunately, many butterfly species are in danger. When forests are cut down or fields are sprayed with chemicals, butterflies lose their homes and food. We can help by planting flowers, avoiding pesticides, and protecting natural areas.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
85	29	Multiplication Concepts	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-third-grade-math	Khan Academy: 3rd Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.235951	Understand the concepts and methods of Multiplication Concepts.\nSolve problems involving Multiplication Concepts accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Multiplication Concepts to real-world situations.	Multiplication is repeated addition. Learn times tables 1-12. Use arrays and groups to visualize.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Multiplication", "content": "Calculate 9 × 8. This means 9 groups of 8, or 8 added 9 times.", "solution": "9 × 8 = 72"}, {"title": "Distributive Property", "content": "Calculate 22 × 7 using the distributive property. Break 22 into 20 + 2: (20 × 7) + (2 × 7) = 140 + 14.", "solution": "22 × 7 = 154"}]	[{"hint": "Multiply using your times tables or repeated addition.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 4 × 8"}, {"hint": "Multiply rows by desks per row.", "answer": null, "question": "A classroom has 6 rows of desks with 7 desks in each row. How many desks total?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Multiplication Concepts	Multiplication is repeated addition. Learn times tables 1-12. Use arrays and groups to visualize.	a × b = product	[{"step": "Calculate 4 × 5", "work": "4 groups of 5: 4×5=20", "answer": "20"}]	[{"mistake": "Not aligning partial products correctly in multi-digit multiplication", "correction": "Each new row shifts one place left. Then add all rows."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Multiplication Concepts helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
88	30	Division Concepts	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.239384	Understand the concepts and methods of Division Concepts.\nSolve problems involving Division Concepts accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Division Concepts to real-world situations.	Division splits a total into equal groups. Use the DMSB method: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Division", "content": "Divide 120 ÷ 8. Ask: how many times does 8 go into 120?", "solution": "120 ÷ 8 = 15"}, {"title": "Division with Remainder", "content": "Divide 123 ÷ 8. 8 goes into the dividend 15 times with a remainder.", "solution": "Quotient: 15, Remainder: check your calculation"}]	[{"hint": "Use long division or think about multiplication facts.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 50 ÷ 7"}, {"hint": "Divide and look at the whole number quotient.", "answer": null, "question": "44 students need to form equal teams of 4. How many full teams can be made?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Division Concepts	Division splits a total into equal groups. Use the DMSB method: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down.	\N	[{"step": "Divide 126 ÷ 9", "work": "How many times does 9 go into 126? 9×14=126", "answer": "14"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to include the remainder", "correction": "If division is not exact, record the remainder: quotient R remainder."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Division Concepts helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
90	30	Division Word Problems	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.241248	Understand the concepts and methods of Division Word Problems.\nSolve problems involving Division Word Problems accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Division Word Problems to real-world situations.	Division splits a total into equal groups. Use the DMSB method: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Division", "content": "Divide 88 ÷ 8. Ask: how many times does 8 go into 88?", "solution": "88 ÷ 8 = 11"}, {"title": "Division with Remainder", "content": "Divide 92 ÷ 8. 8 goes into the dividend 11 times with a remainder.", "solution": "Quotient: 11, Remainder: check your calculation"}]	[{"hint": "Use long division or think about multiplication facts.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 56 ÷ 5"}, {"hint": "Divide and look at the whole number quotient.", "answer": null, "question": "38 students need to form equal teams of 5. How many full teams can be made?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Division Word Problems	Division splits a total into equal groups. Use the DMSB method: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down.	\N	[{"step": "Divide 88 ÷ 8", "work": "How many times does 8 go into 88? 8×11=88", "answer": "11"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to include the remainder", "correction": "If division is not exact, record the remainder: quotient R remainder."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Division Word Problems helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
94	32	Area and Perimeter	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry	Khan Academy: Geometry	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.245659	Understand the concepts and methods of Area and Perimeter.\nSolve problems involving Area and Perimeter accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Area and Perimeter to real-world situations.	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Area of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the area of a rectangle with length 15 cm and width 3 cm. Area = length × width.", "solution": "A = 15 × 3 = 45 cm²"}, {"title": "Perimeter of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the perimeter of the same rectangle. P = 2(length + width).", "solution": "P = 2(15 + 3) = 2(18) = 36 cm"}]	[{"hint": "A = ½ × base × height.", "answer": null, "question": "Find the area of a triangle with base 9 and height 8."}, {"hint": "C = 2πr.", "answer": "43.96", "question": "Find the circumference of a circle with radius 7. Use π ≈ 3.14."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Area and Perimeter	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	Area of rectangle = l × w | Area of triangle = ½ × b × h | Circumference = 2πr	[{"step": "Find area: rectangle 9×8", "work": "A = length × width = 9 × 8", "answer": "72 square units"}]	[{"mistake": "Confusing area (square units) with perimeter (linear units)", "correction": "Area = inside space (multiply). Perimeter = outside distance (add all sides)."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Area and Perimeter helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
109	37	Balanced and Unbalanced Forces	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.262683	Explain the key scientific concepts of Balanced and Unbalanced Forces.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Balanced and Unbalanced Forces to real-world applications.	Newton's Three Laws: 1st—An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a force (inertia). 2nd—Force = mass × acceleration (F=ma). 3rd—Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction opposes motion. Gravity accelerates objects at 9.8 m/s².	\N	[{"title": "Newton's Second Law", "content": "A 10 kg box is pushed with a force of 50 N. What is its acceleration? F = ma → 50 = 10 × a → a = 50/10.", "solution": "a = 5 m/s²"}, {"title": "Newton's Third Law", "content": "A swimmer pushes water backward (action). The water pushes the swimmer forward (reaction). This is why swimming works.", "solution": "Action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction."}]	[{"hint": "Use F = ma.", "answer": "F = 5 × 3 = 15 N", "question": "Calculate: A 5 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s². What force is acting on it?"}, {"hint": "What force opposes the ball's motion?", "answer": "Friction between the ball and grass slows it down until it stops.", "question": "Explain why a soccer ball eventually stops rolling on grass."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Balanced and Unbalanced Forces	Newton's Three Laws: 1st—An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a force (inertia). 2nd—Force = mass × acceleration (F=ma). 3rd—Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction opposes motion. Gravity accelerates objects at 9.8 m/s².	\N	\N	\N	["toy car", "ramp", "ruler", "timer", "different surfaces (carpet, tile, sandpaper)"]	Keep the ramp stable. Do not stand on the ramp.	[{"step": "Release a toy car from the same height on ramps with different surfaces.", "detail": "Measure how far the car travels on each surface. Record in a data table."}]	["On which surface did the car travel farthest?", "On which surface did it travel the shortest distance?", "How does friction affect the car's motion?"]	Explain how friction affects motion using your experimental data as evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Engineers design brakes, tires, and road surfaces using knowledge of friction and motion.	t
110	37	Magnets	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.263639	Explain the key scientific concepts of Magnets.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Magnets to real-world applications.	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	[{"title": "Energy Transformation", "content": "A flashlight: Chemical energy (battery) → Electrical energy (circuit) → Light energy (bulb) + Thermal energy (heat).", "solution": "Energy transforms between forms but the total amount stays the same."}]	[{"hint": "Chemical energy in your body starts the chain.", "answer": "Chemical → kinetic (pedaling) → mechanical (wheels turning) → some thermal (friction/heat).", "question": "List three energy transformations that happen when you ride a bicycle."}, {"hint": "Think about the path electricity follows.", "answer": "Series has one path (if one component fails, all fail). Parallel has multiple paths (components work independently).", "question": "What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Magnets	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Energy science underpins electricity, renewable power, communication technology, and medical imaging.	t
111	37	Gravity	\N	3	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.264564	Explain the key scientific concepts of Gravity.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Gravity to real-world applications.	Newton's Three Laws: 1st—An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a force (inertia). 2nd—Force = mass × acceleration (F=ma). 3rd—Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction opposes motion. Gravity accelerates objects at 9.8 m/s².	\N	[{"title": "Newton's Second Law", "content": "A 10 kg box is pushed with a force of 50 N. What is its acceleration? F = ma → 50 = 10 × a → a = 50/10.", "solution": "a = 5 m/s²"}, {"title": "Newton's Third Law", "content": "A swimmer pushes water backward (action). The water pushes the swimmer forward (reaction). This is why swimming works.", "solution": "Action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction."}]	[{"hint": "Use F = ma.", "answer": "F = 5 × 3 = 15 N", "question": "Calculate: A 5 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s². What force is acting on it?"}, {"hint": "What force opposes the ball's motion?", "answer": "Friction between the ball and grass slows it down until it stops.", "question": "Explain why a soccer ball eventually stops rolling on grass."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Gravity	Newton's Three Laws: 1st—An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a force (inertia). 2nd—Force = mass × acceleration (F=ma). 3rd—Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction opposes motion. Gravity accelerates objects at 9.8 m/s².	\N	\N	\N	["toy car", "ramp", "ruler", "timer", "different surfaces (carpet, tile, sandpaper)"]	Keep the ramp stable. Do not stand on the ramp.	[{"step": "Release a toy car from the same height on ramps with different surfaces.", "detail": "Measure how far the car travels on each surface. Record in a data table."}]	["On which surface did the car travel farthest?", "On which surface did it travel the shortest distance?", "How does friction affect the car's motion?"]	Explain how friction affects motion using your experimental data as evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Engineers design brakes, tires, and road surfaces using knowledge of friction and motion.	f
115	39	Water Cycle	\N	1	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.269151	Explain the key scientific concepts of Water Cycle.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Water Cycle to real-world applications.	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	[{"title": "The Water Cycle", "content": "Sun heats a lake → water evaporates into vapor → vapor rises and cools → condensation forms clouds → clouds produce precipitation (rain) → rain flows back into the lake.", "solution": "Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Collection"}]	[{"hint": "One is short-term, the other is long-term.", "answer": "Weather is daily atmospheric conditions; climate is the average conditions over decades.", "question": "Explain the difference between weather and climate."}, {"hint": "What happens when water vapor cools?", "answer": "Water vapor cools and changes from gas to liquid, forming clouds.", "question": "Describe what happens during condensation in the water cycle."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Water Cycle	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	\N	\N	["glass jar", "hot water", "ice", "plate", "food coloring (optional)"]	\N	[{"step": "Create a mini water cycle: pour hot water into a jar, place a plate with ice on top.", "detail": "Observe condensation forming on the plate. Watch droplets fall back into the jar."}]	["Where did you see evaporation?", "Where did condensation occur?", "What represented precipitation?"]	Explain how your model demonstrates the water cycle. How does this compare to what happens in nature?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Meteorologists use water cycle knowledge to predict weather. Climate scientists study long-term patterns.	f
116	39	Cloud Types	\N	2	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.270088	Explain the key scientific concepts of Cloud Types.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Cloud Types to real-world applications.	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	[{"title": "The Water Cycle", "content": "Sun heats a lake → water evaporates into vapor → vapor rises and cools → condensation forms clouds → clouds produce precipitation (rain) → rain flows back into the lake.", "solution": "Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Collection"}]	[{"hint": "One is short-term, the other is long-term.", "answer": "Weather is daily atmospheric conditions; climate is the average conditions over decades.", "question": "Explain the difference between weather and climate."}, {"hint": "What happens when water vapor cools?", "answer": "Water vapor cools and changes from gas to liquid, forming clouds.", "question": "Describe what happens during condensation in the water cycle."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Cloud Types	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	\N	\N	["glass jar", "hot water", "ice", "plate", "food coloring (optional)"]	\N	[{"step": "Create a mini water cycle: pour hot water into a jar, place a plate with ice on top.", "detail": "Observe condensation forming on the plate. Watch droplets fall back into the jar."}]	["Where did you see evaporation?", "Where did condensation occur?", "What represented precipitation?"]	Explain how your model demonstrates the water cycle. How does this compare to what happens in nature?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Meteorologists use water cycle knowledge to predict weather. Climate scientists study long-term patterns.	f
118	40	Urban Rural and Suburban	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.273229	Explain key concepts related to Urban Rural and Suburban.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Urban Rural and Suburban. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Urban Rural and Suburban, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Urban Rural and Suburban and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Urban Rural and Suburban connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Urban Rural and Suburban	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Urban Rural and Suburban. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Urban Rural and Suburban. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Urban Rural and Suburban develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
119	40	Local Government	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics	Khan Academy: US Government & Civics	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.274139	Explain key concepts related to Local Government.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	[{"title": "Checks and Balances", "content": "Congress passes a law → President can veto it → Congress can override with 2/3 vote → Supreme Court can declare it unconstitutional. Each branch checks the others.", "solution": "No single branch can act without oversight from the others."}]	[{"hint": "Think: make laws, enforce laws, interpret laws.", "answer": "Legislative (makes laws), Executive (enforces laws), Judicial (interprets laws).", "question": "Name the three branches of government and the main function of each."}, {"hint": "What would happen if one branch had unlimited power?", "answer": "It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, protecting citizens' rights.", "question": "Why is the system of checks and balances important?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Local Government	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Excerpt: The Preamble to the Constitution	primary_source	"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	Understanding government helps citizens participate in democracy through voting, civic engagement, and understanding their rights.	t
123	41	Human Geography	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.278398	Explain key concepts related to Human Geography.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Geography studies Earth's physical features and human activity. Physical geography examines landforms, water systems, and climate. Human geography examines where and how people live. Maps use legends, scales, and compass roses. Latitude (horizontal) and longitude (vertical) create a coordinate system for any location on Earth.	\N	[{"title": "Reading Coordinates", "content": "Washington, D.C. is located at approximately 38°N latitude, 77°W longitude. The \\"N\\" means north of the Equator, and \\"W\\" means west of the Prime Meridian.", "solution": "Latitude and longitude pinpoint any location on Earth."}]	[{"hint": "Use the first letter of each continent as a memory aid.", "answer": "Continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America. Oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian.", "question": "Name the seven continents and the three largest oceans."}, {"hint": "Think about water, climate, and resources.", "answer": "People settle near water, fertile soil, and moderate climates where they can grow food, access resources, and travel.", "question": "Explain how geography influences where people choose to live."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Human Geography	Geography studies Earth's physical features and human activity. Physical geography examines landforms, water systems, and climate. Human geography examines where and how people live. Maps use legends, scales, and compass roses. Latitude (horizontal) and longitude (vertical) create a coordinate system for any location on Earth.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Geography studies Earth's physical features and human activity. Physical geography examines landforms, water systems, and climate. Human geography examines where and how people live. Maps use legends, scales, and compass roses. Latitude (horizontal) and longitude (vertical) create a coordinate system for any location on Earth.	\N	\N	Geographic knowledge helps with navigation, urban planning, resource management, and understanding cultural differences.	t
125	42	Producers and Consumers	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.280587	Explain key concepts related to Producers and Consumers.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Producers and Consumers. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Producers and Consumers, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Producers and Consumers and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Producers and Consumers connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 3	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Producers and Consumers	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Producers and Consumers. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Producers and Consumers. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Producers and Consumers develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
139	47	Fiction vs Nonfiction	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.296597	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice reading comprehension. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Theme", "content": "In a story where a shy student finds courage to speak up against bullying, the theme might be: \\"Standing up for what is right requires courage, but it inspires others to do the same.\\"", "solution": "Theme = a message about life, not just a topic word."}, {"title": "Analyzing Characterization", "content": "The author writes: \\"Jake straightened his shoulders, took a deep breath, and walked into the room full of strangers.\\" This shows Jake is nervous but determined — revealed through his actions.", "solution": "Indirect characterization through actions."}]	[{"hint": "Consider: what do they say? What do they do? What do others say about them?", "answer": null, "question": "Choose a character from your current reading. Describe how the author reveals their personality using at least two methods of characterization."}, {"hint": "Look for comparisons or objects that seem to represent something larger.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one example of figurative language (simile, metaphor, or symbolism) in your reading and explain what it means."}]	Khan Academy	Amazing Butterflies	informational_text	Butterflies are some of the most beautiful insects in the world. They can be found on every continent except Antarctica. There are more than 17,000 different species of butterflies.\n\nA butterfly goes through four stages in its life. This is called metamorphosis. First, a butterfly starts as a tiny egg. The mother butterfly lays her eggs on a leaf. Second, a caterpillar hatches from the egg. The caterpillar eats leaves and grows bigger every day. Third, the caterpillar forms a chrysalis around its body. Inside the chrysalis, an amazing change happens. Fourth, a butterfly emerges with beautiful wings. It spreads its wings and flies away.\n\nButterflies are important to our planet. When a butterfly lands on a flower to drink nectar, pollen sticks to its body. When it flies to another flower, the pollen rubs off. This is called pollination, and it helps plants grow new seeds.\n\nButterflies have some interesting features. They taste with their feet! They also have thousands of tiny scales on their wings that create colorful patterns. Some butterflies migrate thousands of miles. The monarch butterfly travels from Canada to Mexico every fall. That is a journey of over 3,000 miles.\n\nUnfortunately, many butterfly species are in danger. When forests are cut down or fields are sprayed with chemicals, butterflies lose their homes and food. We can help by planting flowers, avoiding pesticides, and protecting natural areas.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
140	47	Character Analysis	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.297539	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of analyzing character traits and motivations to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice analyzing character traits and motivations. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Character Analysis, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Garden Project	short_story	Maya looked at the empty patch of dirt behind her school. It was full of weeds and old leaves, but Maya saw something different. She saw rows of bright tomatoes, tall sunflowers, and leafy lettuce.\n\n"We could grow a garden here," Maya told her teacher, Ms. Chen.\n\nMs. Chen smiled. "That is a wonderful idea, Maya. But a garden takes a lot of work. Are you ready for that?"\n\nMaya nodded. She made a plan. First, she asked her classmates to help. Together, they pulled the weeds and raked the soil until it was smooth and dark. Next, they dug small holes in neat rows. Then, they carefully placed seeds into each hole and covered them with dirt.\n\nEvery day after school, Maya and her friends watered the garden. They watched for tiny green sprouts pushing through the soil. After two weeks, small plants began to appear. Maya felt proud.\n\nBy the end of spring, the garden was bursting with color. Red tomatoes hung from thick green stems. Yellow sunflowers stood tall against the fence. Maya picked a tomato and took a bite. It was the best tomato she had ever tasted.\n\n"We did it," she said to her friends. "We turned dirt into something amazing."\n\nMs. Chen put her hand on Maya's shoulder. "You taught everyone that hard work and patience can turn a dream into something real."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Analyzing character traits and motivations	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
142	48	Essay Structure	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.299787	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of understanding essay structure and argument to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding essay structure and argument. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	The Garden Project	short_story	Maya looked at the empty patch of dirt behind her school. It was full of weeds and old leaves, but Maya saw something different. She saw rows of bright tomatoes, tall sunflowers, and leafy lettuce.\n\n"We could grow a garden here," Maya told her teacher, Ms. Chen.\n\nMs. Chen smiled. "That is a wonderful idea, Maya. But a garden takes a lot of work. Are you ready for that?"\n\nMaya nodded. She made a plan. First, she asked her classmates to help. Together, they pulled the weeds and raked the soil until it was smooth and dark. Next, they dug small holes in neat rows. Then, they carefully placed seeds into each hole and covered them with dirt.\n\nEvery day after school, Maya and her friends watered the garden. They watched for tiny green sprouts pushing through the soil. After two weeks, small plants began to appear. Maya felt proud.\n\nBy the end of spring, the garden was bursting with color. Red tomatoes hung from thick green stems. Yellow sunflowers stood tall against the fence. Maya picked a tomato and took a bite. It was the best tomato she had ever tasted.\n\n"We did it," she said to her friends. "We turned dirt into something amazing."\n\nMs. Chen put her hand on Maya's shoulder. "You taught everyone that hard work and patience can turn a dream into something real."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding essay structure and argument	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
143	48	Descriptive Writing	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.300791	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of developing writing skills to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice developing writing skills. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	Water: Earth's Most Important Resource	informational_text	Water covers about 71 percent of Earth's surface, but did you know that only about 3 percent of that water is fresh water? Most of Earth's water is in the oceans, which are too salty to drink.\n\nFresh water is found in rivers, lakes, and underground. People use fresh water every day for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and growing food. Farmers need water to grow crops. Factories use water to make products. Animals and plants need water to survive.\n\nWater moves in a cycle called the water cycle. The sun heats water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. This heat turns liquid water into water vapor, which rises into the air. This is called evaporation. When the vapor cools high in the sky, it turns back into tiny water droplets that form clouds. This is called condensation. When clouds hold too much water, the droplets fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. This is called precipitation. The water flows into rivers and lakes or soaks into the ground, and the cycle starts again.\n\nWater pollution is a serious problem. When people dump trash, chemicals, or waste into rivers and lakes, it makes the water unsafe for people and animals. Oil spills, factory runoff, and littering all harm our water.\n\nWe can help protect water by turning off the faucet when brushing teeth, taking shorter showers, fixing leaky pipes, and never throwing trash into waterways. Every drop counts.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Developing writing skills	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
145	49	Complex Sentences	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar	Khan Academy: Grammar	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.303054	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding grammar and sentence structure. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Parts of Speech", "content": "\\"The brave firefighter quickly climbed the tall ladder.\\" Noun: firefighter, ladder. Verb: climbed. Adjective: brave, tall. Adverb: quickly.", "solution": "Each word serves a specific function in the sentence."}, {"title": "Correcting a Sentence", "content": "Incorrect: \\"Me and him went to the store.\\" Correct: \\"He and I went to the store.\\" Use subject pronouns (I, he, she, we, they) as subjects.", "solution": "\\"He and I went to the store.\\""}]	[{"hint": "The subject is who/what the sentence is about. The predicate is everything else.", "answer": "Subject: The old oak tree. Predicate: swayed gently in the wind.", "question": "Identify the subject and predicate in: \\"The old oak tree swayed gently in the wind.\\""}, {"hint": "Use commas to separate items in a list.", "answer": "\\"I need eggs, milk, bread, and butter from the store.\\"", "question": "Add commas where needed: \\"I need eggs milk bread and butter from the store.\\""}]	Khan Academy	The New Student	short_story	On Monday morning, Mrs. Roberts introduced a new student to the class. "Everyone, this is Sofia. She just moved here from another city. Please make her feel welcome."\n\nSofia stood at the front of the room, looking down at her shoes. She did not smile. She did not wave. Some students whispered to each other.\n\nAt lunch, Sofia sat alone at the end of a long table. She opened her lunchbox slowly and took out a sandwich, but she did not eat it.\n\nLiam noticed Sofia sitting by herself. He remembered his first day at a new school two years ago. He remembered how scared he felt, how the cafeteria seemed too loud, and how nobody talked to him.\n\nLiam picked up his tray and walked over to Sofia's table. "Hi, I'm Liam. Can I sit here?"\n\nSofia looked up, surprised. "Okay," she said quietly.\n\n"I was the new kid once too," Liam told her. "It gets better. The hardest part is the first day."\n\nSofia smiled a little. "I was nervous. I did not know anyone."\n\n"Now you know me," Liam said.\n\nOver the next few days, Liam introduced Sofia to his friends. He showed her where the art room was and where to find the best books in the library. By Friday, Sofia was laughing and talking like she had been there all year.\n\n"Thank you," Sofia told Liam. "You made everything easier."\n\nLiam shrugged. "Someone did the same for me once."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
147	49	Homophones	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.305148	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding grammar and sentence structure. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Homophones, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	Water: Earth's Most Important Resource	informational_text	Water covers about 71 percent of Earth's surface, but did you know that only about 3 percent of that water is fresh water? Most of Earth's water is in the oceans, which are too salty to drink.\n\nFresh water is found in rivers, lakes, and underground. People use fresh water every day for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and growing food. Farmers need water to grow crops. Factories use water to make products. Animals and plants need water to survive.\n\nWater moves in a cycle called the water cycle. The sun heats water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. This heat turns liquid water into water vapor, which rises into the air. This is called evaporation. When the vapor cools high in the sky, it turns back into tiny water droplets that form clouds. This is called condensation. When clouds hold too much water, the droplets fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. This is called precipitation. The water flows into rivers and lakes or soaks into the ground, and the cycle starts again.\n\nWater pollution is a serious problem. When people dump trash, chemicals, or waste into rivers and lakes, it makes the water unsafe for people and animals. Oil spills, factory runoff, and littering all harm our water.\n\nWe can help protect water by turning off the faucet when brushing teeth, taking shorter showers, fixing leaky pipes, and never throwing trash into waterways. Every drop counts.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
149	50	Discussion Skills	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.307967	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice reading comprehension. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Discussion Skills, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The New Student	short_story	On Monday morning, Mrs. Roberts introduced a new student to the class. "Everyone, this is Sofia. She just moved here from another city. Please make her feel welcome."\n\nSofia stood at the front of the room, looking down at her shoes. She did not smile. She did not wave. Some students whispered to each other.\n\nAt lunch, Sofia sat alone at the end of a long table. She opened her lunchbox slowly and took out a sandwich, but she did not eat it.\n\nLiam noticed Sofia sitting by herself. He remembered his first day at a new school two years ago. He remembered how scared he felt, how the cafeteria seemed too loud, and how nobody talked to him.\n\nLiam picked up his tray and walked over to Sofia's table. "Hi, I'm Liam. Can I sit here?"\n\nSofia looked up, surprised. "Okay," she said quietly.\n\n"I was the new kid once too," Liam told her. "It gets better. The hardest part is the first day."\n\nSofia smiled a little. "I was nervous. I did not know anyone."\n\n"Now you know me," Liam said.\n\nOver the next few days, Liam introduced Sofia to his friends. He showed her where the art room was and where to find the best books in the library. By Friday, Sofia was laughing and talking like she had been there all year.\n\n"Thank you," Sofia told Liam. "You made everything easier."\n\nLiam shrugged. "Someone did the same for me once."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
127	43	Multi-Digit Multiplication	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-fourth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 4th Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.283223	Understand the concepts and methods of Multi-Digit Multiplication.\nSolve problems involving Multi-Digit Multiplication accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Multi-Digit Multiplication to real-world situations.	Multiplication is repeated addition. Learn times tables 1-12. Use arrays and groups to visualize.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Multiplication", "content": "Calculate 5 × 8. This means 5 groups of 8, or 8 added 5 times.", "solution": "5 × 8 = 40"}, {"title": "Distributive Property", "content": "Calculate 27 × 8 using the distributive property. Break 27 into 20 + 7: (20 × 8) + (7 × 8) = 160 + 56.", "solution": "27 × 8 = 216"}]	[{"hint": "Multiply using your times tables or repeated addition.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 11 × 10"}, {"hint": "Multiply rows by desks per row.", "answer": null, "question": "A classroom has 7 rows of desks with 5 desks in each row. How many desks total?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Multi-Digit Multiplication	Multiplication is repeated addition. Learn times tables 1-12. Use arrays and groups to visualize.	a × b = product	[{"step": "Calculate 3 × 7", "work": "3 groups of 7: 3×7=21", "answer": "21"}]	[{"mistake": "Not aligning partial products correctly in multi-digit multiplication", "correction": "Each new row shifts one place left. Then add all rows."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Multi-Digit Multiplication helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
128	43	Long Division	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.284105	Understand the concepts and methods of Long Division.\nSolve problems involving Long Division accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Long Division to real-world situations.	Division splits a total into equal groups. Use the DMSB method: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Division", "content": "Divide 90 ÷ 9. Ask: how many times does 9 go into 90?", "solution": "90 ÷ 9 = 10"}, {"title": "Division with Remainder", "content": "Divide 97 ÷ 9. 9 goes into the dividend 10 times with a remainder.", "solution": "Quotient: 10, Remainder: check your calculation"}]	[{"hint": "Use long division or think about multiplication facts.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 32 ÷ 3"}, {"hint": "Divide and look at the whole number quotient.", "answer": null, "question": "26 students need to form equal teams of 7. How many full teams can be made?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Long Division	Division splits a total into equal groups. Use the DMSB method: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down.	\N	[{"step": "Divide 112 ÷ 8", "work": "How many times does 8 go into 112? 8×14=112", "answer": "14"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to include the remainder", "correction": "If division is not exact, record the remainder: quotient R remainder."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Long Division helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
131	44	Adding Fractions	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.287485	Understand the concepts and methods of Adding Fractions.\nSolve problems involving Adding Fractions accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Adding Fractions to real-world situations.	Addition combines quantities to find a total. Start at the ones place and regroup when the sum is 10 or more.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Addition", "content": "Add 15 + 53. Start in the ones place: 5 + 3 = 8. Write 8. Continue to the tens place.", "solution": "15 + 53 = 68"}, {"title": "Word Problem", "content": "A library has 924 fiction books and 966 nonfiction books. How many books does the library have in total? Identify the operation: we are combining two quantities, so we add.", "solution": "924 + 966 = 1890 books"}]	[{"hint": "Start with the ones place. Regroup if the sum exceeds 9.", "answer": "95", "question": "Calculate: 25 + 70"}, {"hint": "Identify the two quantities and add them.", "answer": "493 items", "question": "A store sold 174 items on Monday and 319 items on Tuesday. How many items were sold in total?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Adding Fractions	Addition combines quantities to find a total. Start at the ones place and regroup when the sum is 10 or more.	a + b = sum	[{"step": "Add 184 + 81", "work": "Line up by place value. Add ones, then tens.  184+81=265", "answer": "265"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to regroup (carry) when a column sums to 10 or more", "correction": "Always check if each column total is 10+. If so, write the ones digit and carry the tens digit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Adding Fractions helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
133	45	Unit Conversion	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-fourth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 4th Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.29004	Understand the concepts and methods of Unit Conversion.\nSolve problems involving Unit Conversion accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Unit Conversion to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Unit Conversion. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Unit Conversion. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Unit Conversion using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Unit Conversion	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Unit Conversion. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Unit Conversion", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Unit Conversion helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
137	46	Input-Output Tables	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-fourth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 4th Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.294108	Understand the concepts and methods of Input-Output Tables.\nSolve problems involving Input-Output Tables accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Input-Output Tables to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Input-Output Tables. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Input-Output Tables. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Input-Output Tables using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Input-Output Tables	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Input-Output Tables. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Input-Output Tables", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Input-Output Tables helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
153	51	Electricity	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.314821	Explain the key scientific concepts of Electricity.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Electricity to real-world applications.	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	[{"title": "Energy Transformation", "content": "A flashlight: Chemical energy (battery) → Electrical energy (circuit) → Light energy (bulb) + Thermal energy (heat).", "solution": "Energy transforms between forms but the total amount stays the same."}]	[{"hint": "Chemical energy in your body starts the chain.", "answer": "Chemical → kinetic (pedaling) → mechanical (wheels turning) → some thermal (friction/heat).", "question": "List three energy transformations that happen when you ride a bicycle."}, {"hint": "Think about the path electricity follows.", "answer": "Series has one path (if one component fails, all fail). Parallel has multiple paths (components work independently).", "question": "What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Electricity	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Energy science underpins electricity, renewable power, communication technology, and medical imaging.	t
155	52	Erosion and Weathering	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/earth-science	Khan Academy: Earth Science	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.317092	Explain the key scientific concepts of Erosion and Weathering.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Erosion and Weathering to real-world applications.	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	[{"title": "The Water Cycle", "content": "Sun heats a lake → water evaporates into vapor → vapor rises and cools → condensation forms clouds → clouds produce precipitation (rain) → rain flows back into the lake.", "solution": "Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Collection"}]	[{"hint": "One is short-term, the other is long-term.", "answer": "Weather is daily atmospheric conditions; climate is the average conditions over decades.", "question": "Explain the difference between weather and climate."}, {"hint": "What happens when water vapor cools?", "answer": "Water vapor cools and changes from gas to liquid, forming clouds.", "question": "Describe what happens during condensation in the water cycle."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Erosion and Weathering	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	\N	\N	["glass jar", "hot water", "ice", "plate", "food coloring (optional)"]	\N	[{"step": "Create a mini water cycle: pour hot water into a jar, place a plate with ice on top.", "detail": "Observe condensation forming on the plate. Watch droplets fall back into the jar."}]	["Where did you see evaporation?", "Where did condensation occur?", "What represented precipitation?"]	Explain how your model demonstrates the water cycle. How does this compare to what happens in nature?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Meteorologists use water cycle knowledge to predict weather. Climate scientists study long-term patterns.	t
159	53	Food Webs	\N	3	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.32106	Explain the key scientific concepts of Food Webs.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Food Webs to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Food Webs. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Food Webs. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Food Webs	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Food Webs. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Food Webs connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
160	54	Native Americans of Nevada	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.322779	Explain key concepts related to Native Americans of Nevada.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Native Americans of Nevada. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Native Americans of Nevada, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Native Americans of Nevada and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Native Americans of Nevada connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Native Americans of Nevada	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Native Americans of Nevada. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Native Americans of Nevada. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Native Americans of Nevada develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
164	55	Midwest and Southwest	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.326664	Explain key concepts related to Midwest and Southwest.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Midwest and Southwest. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Midwest and Southwest, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Midwest and Southwest and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Midwest and Southwest connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Midwest and Southwest	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Midwest and Southwest. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Midwest and Southwest. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Midwest and Southwest develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
166	56	European Explorers	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history	Khan Academy: World History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.32876	Explain key concepts related to European Explorers.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to European Explorers. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying European Explorers, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to European Explorers and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does European Explorers connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	European Explorers	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to European Explorers. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to European Explorers. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying European Explorers develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
168	56	Impact on Native Peoples	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.330709	Explain key concepts related to Impact on Native Peoples.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Impact on Native Peoples. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Impact on Native Peoples, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Impact on Native Peoples and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Impact on Native Peoples connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 4	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Impact on Native Peoples	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Impact on Native Peoples. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Impact on Native Peoples. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Impact on Native Peoples develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
182	61	Figurative Language	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.346096	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of identifying figurative language to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice identifying figurative language. Read the informational text below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Figurative Language, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	Water: Earth's Most Important Resource	informational_text	Water covers about 71 percent of Earth's surface, but did you know that only about 3 percent of that water is fresh water? Most of Earth's water is in the oceans, which are too salty to drink.\n\nFresh water is found in rivers, lakes, and underground. People use fresh water every day for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and growing food. Farmers need water to grow crops. Factories use water to make products. Animals and plants need water to survive.\n\nWater moves in a cycle called the water cycle. The sun heats water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. This heat turns liquid water into water vapor, which rises into the air. This is called evaporation. When the vapor cools high in the sky, it turns back into tiny water droplets that form clouds. This is called condensation. When clouds hold too much water, the droplets fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. This is called precipitation. The water flows into rivers and lakes or soaks into the ground, and the cycle starts again.\n\nWater pollution is a serious problem. When people dump trash, chemicals, or waste into rivers and lakes, it makes the water unsafe for people and animals. Oil spills, factory runoff, and littering all harm our water.\n\nWe can help protect water by turning off the faucet when brushing teeth, taking shorter showers, fixing leaky pipes, and never throwing trash into waterways. Every drop counts.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Identifying figurative language	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
184	62	Persuasive Writing	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.348042	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of analyzing persuasive techniques to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice analyzing persuasive techniques. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	The Garden Project	short_story	Maya looked at the empty patch of dirt behind her school. It was full of weeds and old leaves, but Maya saw something different. She saw rows of bright tomatoes, tall sunflowers, and leafy lettuce.\n\n"We could grow a garden here," Maya told her teacher, Ms. Chen.\n\nMs. Chen smiled. "That is a wonderful idea, Maya. But a garden takes a lot of work. Are you ready for that?"\n\nMaya nodded. She made a plan. First, she asked her classmates to help. Together, they pulled the weeds and raked the soil until it was smooth and dark. Next, they dug small holes in neat rows. Then, they carefully placed seeds into each hole and covered them with dirt.\n\nEvery day after school, Maya and her friends watered the garden. They watched for tiny green sprouts pushing through the soil. After two weeks, small plants began to appear. Maya felt proud.\n\nBy the end of spring, the garden was bursting with color. Red tomatoes hung from thick green stems. Yellow sunflowers stood tall against the fence. Maya picked a tomato and took a bite. It was the best tomato she had ever tasted.\n\n"We did it," she said to her friends. "We turned dirt into something amazing."\n\nMs. Chen put her hand on Maya's shoulder. "You taught everyone that hard work and patience can turn a dream into something real."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Analyzing persuasive techniques	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
185	62	Narrative Essays	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.348903	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of understanding essay structure and argument to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding essay structure and argument. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	The Garden Project	short_story	Maya looked at the empty patch of dirt behind her school. It was full of weeds and old leaves, but Maya saw something different. She saw rows of bright tomatoes, tall sunflowers, and leafy lettuce.\n\n"We could grow a garden here," Maya told her teacher, Ms. Chen.\n\nMs. Chen smiled. "That is a wonderful idea, Maya. But a garden takes a lot of work. Are you ready for that?"\n\nMaya nodded. She made a plan. First, she asked her classmates to help. Together, they pulled the weeds and raked the soil until it was smooth and dark. Next, they dug small holes in neat rows. Then, they carefully placed seeds into each hole and covered them with dirt.\n\nEvery day after school, Maya and her friends watered the garden. They watched for tiny green sprouts pushing through the soil. After two weeks, small plants began to appear. Maya felt proud.\n\nBy the end of spring, the garden was bursting with color. Red tomatoes hung from thick green stems. Yellow sunflowers stood tall against the fence. Maya picked a tomato and took a bite. It was the best tomato she had ever tasted.\n\n"We did it," she said to her friends. "We turned dirt into something amazing."\n\nMs. Chen put her hand on Maya's shoulder. "You taught everyone that hard work and patience can turn a dream into something real."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding essay structure and argument	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
189	63	Comma Rules	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.352689	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding grammar and sentence structure. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Comma Rules, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The New Student	short_story	On Monday morning, Mrs. Roberts introduced a new student to the class. "Everyone, this is Sofia. She just moved here from another city. Please make her feel welcome."\n\nSofia stood at the front of the room, looking down at her shoes. She did not smile. She did not wave. Some students whispered to each other.\n\nAt lunch, Sofia sat alone at the end of a long table. She opened her lunchbox slowly and took out a sandwich, but she did not eat it.\n\nLiam noticed Sofia sitting by herself. He remembered his first day at a new school two years ago. He remembered how scared he felt, how the cafeteria seemed too loud, and how nobody talked to him.\n\nLiam picked up his tray and walked over to Sofia's table. "Hi, I'm Liam. Can I sit here?"\n\nSofia looked up, surprised. "Okay," she said quietly.\n\n"I was the new kid once too," Liam told her. "It gets better. The hardest part is the first day."\n\nSofia smiled a little. "I was nervous. I did not know anyone."\n\n"Now you know me," Liam said.\n\nOver the next few days, Liam introduced Sofia to his friends. He showed her where the art room was and where to find the best books in the library. By Friday, Sofia was laughing and talking like she had been there all year.\n\n"Thank you," Sofia told Liam. "You made everything easier."\n\nLiam shrugged. "Someone did the same for me once."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
191	64	Context Clues	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.354919	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of understanding vocabulary in context to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite a short response about the passage.	In this lesson, you will practice understanding vocabulary in context. Read the short story below carefully. As you read, think about the most important ideas the author is sharing. Pay attention to the details that help you understand the story or information.\n\nAfter reading, you will answer questions about what you read. Remember to look back at the passage to find evidence for your answers.	[{"term": "determined", "definition": "Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it."}, {"term": "cautiously", "definition": "In a careful way to avoid danger or problems."}, {"term": "emerged", "definition": "Came out from a hidden or enclosed space."}, {"term": "observe", "definition": "To watch carefully and notice details."}, {"term": "responsible", "definition": "Having the duty to take care of something or someone."}, {"term": "surface", "definition": "The outside or top part of something."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Context Clues, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Garden Project	short_story	Maya looked at the empty patch of dirt behind her school. It was full of weeds and old leaves, but Maya saw something different. She saw rows of bright tomatoes, tall sunflowers, and leafy lettuce.\n\n"We could grow a garden here," Maya told her teacher, Ms. Chen.\n\nMs. Chen smiled. "That is a wonderful idea, Maya. But a garden takes a lot of work. Are you ready for that?"\n\nMaya nodded. She made a plan. First, she asked her classmates to help. Together, they pulled the weeds and raked the soil until it was smooth and dark. Next, they dug small holes in neat rows. Then, they carefully placed seeds into each hole and covered them with dirt.\n\nEvery day after school, Maya and her friends watered the garden. They watched for tiny green sprouts pushing through the soil. After two weeks, small plants began to appear. Maya felt proud.\n\nBy the end of spring, the garden was bursting with color. Red tomatoes hung from thick green stems. Yellow sunflowers stood tall against the fence. Maya picked a tomato and took a bite. It was the best tomato she had ever tasted.\n\n"We did it," she said to her friends. "We turned dirt into something amazing."\n\nMs. Chen put her hand on Maya's shoulder. "You taught everyone that hard work and patience can turn a dream into something real."	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Understanding vocabulary in context	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
169	57	Decimal Place Value	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.33226	Understand the concepts and methods of Decimal Place Value.\nSolve problems involving Decimal Place Value accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Decimal Place Value to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Decimal Place Value. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Adding Decimals", "content": "Add 3.45 + 2.30. Line up decimal points: 3.45 + 2.30 = 5.75.", "solution": "3.45 + 2.30 = 5.75"}, {"title": "Decimal to Fraction", "content": "Convert 0.6 to a fraction. 0.6 = 6/10 = 3/5.", "solution": "0.6 = 3/5"}]	[{"hint": "Line up the decimal points and add column by column.", "answer": "5.79", "question": "Calculate: 4.56 + 1.23"}, {"hint": "Divide 3 by 4.", "answer": "0.75", "question": "Convert 3/4 to a decimal."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Decimal Place Value	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Decimal Place Value. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Decimal Place Value", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Decimal Place Value helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
174	58	Mixed Numbers	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-fifth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 5th Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.337305	Understand the concepts and methods of Mixed Numbers.\nSolve problems involving Mixed Numbers accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Mixed Numbers to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Mixed Numbers. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Mixed Numbers. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Mixed Numbers using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Mixed Numbers	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Mixed Numbers. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Mixed Numbers", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Mixed Numbers helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
178	60	Plotting Points	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-fifth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 5th Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.341823	Understand the concepts and methods of Plotting Points.\nSolve problems involving Plotting Points accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Plotting Points to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Plotting Points. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Plotting Points. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Plotting Points using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Plotting Points	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Plotting Points. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Plotting Points", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Plotting Points helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
180	60	Graphing Patterns	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-fifth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 5th Grade Math	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.343736	Understand the concepts and methods of Graphing Patterns.\nSolve problems involving Graphing Patterns accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Graphing Patterns to real-world situations.	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Graphing Patterns	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b | Slope: m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)	[{"step": "Find slope between (1,3) and (4,9)", "work": "m=(9-3)/(4-1)=6/3=2", "answer": "m=2"}]	[{"mistake": "Swapping x and y values in the slope formula", "correction": "Slope = rise/run = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁). Keep the order consistent."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Graphing Patterns helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
194	65	Chemical vs Physical Changes	\N	2	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.358565	Explain the key scientific concepts of Chemical vs Physical Changes.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Chemical vs Physical Changes to real-world applications.	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	[{"title": "Balancing an Equation", "content": "Unbalanced: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O. Count atoms: 2H and 2O on left, 2H and 1O on right. Balanced: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.", "solution": "2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (4H and 2O on each side)"}]	[{"hint": "Think about how many types of atoms are involved.", "answer": "An element is one type of atom; a compound is two or more elements bonded together.", "question": "What is the difference between an element and a compound?"}, {"hint": "Na is a metal, Cl is a nonmetal.", "answer": "Ionic — metals and nonmetals form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.", "question": "Is NaCl (table salt) an ionic or covalent compound?"}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Chemical vs Physical Changes	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	\N	\N	["baking soda", "vinegar", "balloon", "empty bottle", "safety goggles"]	Wear safety goggles. Do not taste chemicals. Work in a ventilated area.	[{"step": "Put 2 tablespoons of baking soda into a balloon. Pour vinegar into a bottle. Stretch the balloon over the bottle opening and lift to drop the baking soda in.", "detail": "Observe the balloon inflating. The reaction: NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CO₂ + H₂O + NaCH₃COO."}]	["What gas inflated the balloon?", "Was this a chemical or physical change? How do you know?", "What evidence of a chemical reaction did you observe?"]	Explain what happened using the law of conservation of mass. Were atoms created or destroyed?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Chemical reactions power everything from baking bread to rocket engines to batteries.	f
195	65	Mixtures and Solutions	\N	3	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.359421	Explain the key scientific concepts of Mixtures and Solutions.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Mixtures and Solutions to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Mixtures and Solutions. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Mixtures and Solutions. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Mixtures and Solutions	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Mixtures and Solutions. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Mixtures and Solutions connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
197	66	Ocean Currents	\N	2	\N	\N	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.361524	Explain the key scientific concepts of Ocean Currents.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Ocean Currents to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Ocean Currents. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Ocean Currents. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Ocean Currents	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Ocean Currents. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Ocean Currents connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
199	67	Solar System	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy	Khan Academy: Cosmology & Astronomy	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.363704	Explain the key scientific concepts of Solar System.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Solar System to real-world applications.	Our solar system has 8 planets orbiting the Sun. Inner planets (Mercury-Mars) are rocky. Outer planets (Jupiter-Neptune) are gas/ice giants. Earth's rotation causes day/night. Its revolution causes years. The 23.5° axial tilt causes seasons. Stars produce energy through nuclear fusion.	\N	[{"title": "Why Seasons Occur", "content": "In June, the Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun → longer days, more direct sunlight → summer. In December, it tilts away → shorter days, less direct sunlight → winter. The Southern Hemisphere has opposite seasons.", "solution": "Seasons are caused by Earth's axial tilt, not distance from the Sun."}]	[{"hint": "My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos.", "answer": "Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune", "question": "List the eight planets in order from the Sun."}, {"hint": "One is spinning, the other is orbiting.", "answer": "Rotation is spinning on an axis (day/night). Revolution is orbiting around another object (year).", "question": "What is the difference between rotation and revolution?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Solar System	Our solar system has 8 planets orbiting the Sun. Inner planets (Mercury-Mars) are rocky. Outer planets (Jupiter-Neptune) are gas/ice giants. Earth's rotation causes day/night. Its revolution causes years. The 23.5° axial tilt causes seasons. Stars produce energy through nuclear fusion.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Space science enables satellite communication, GPS navigation, weather forecasting, and exploration.	t
201	67	Earth Moon System	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy	Khan Academy: Cosmology & Astronomy	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.365476	Explain the key scientific concepts of Earth Moon System.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Earth Moon System to real-world applications.	Earth has layers: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core. Plate tectonics: Earth's crust is divided into moving plates. Convergent boundaries create mountains. Divergent boundaries create rifts. Transform boundaries cause earthquakes. The rock cycle: igneous → sedimentary → metamorphic (and back).	\N	[{"title": "The Rock Cycle", "content": "Granite (igneous) → weathering breaks it into sediment → sediment compresses into sandstone (sedimentary) → heat and pressure transform it into quartzite (metamorphic) → melting creates magma → cooling forms new igneous rock.", "solution": "Rocks cycle between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms."}]	[{"hint": "Think about cooling, compression, and transformation.", "answer": "Igneous (cooled magma), Sedimentary (compressed sediment), Metamorphic (changed by heat/pressure).", "question": "Name the three types of rocks and how each is formed."}, {"hint": "What occurs when two plates push together?", "answer": "Plates collide, forming mountains or subduction zones (one plate slides under another).", "question": "What happens at a convergent plate boundary?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Earth Moon System	Earth has layers: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core. Plate tectonics: Earth's crust is divided into moving plates. Convergent boundaries create mountains. Divergent boundaries create rifts. Transform boundaries cause earthquakes. The rock cycle: igneous → sedimentary → metamorphic (and back).	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Geologists study Earth's structure to predict earthquakes, find resources, and understand natural hazards.	t
203	68	Colonial Life	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.367822	Explain key concepts related to Colonial Life.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Colonial Life."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Colonial Life	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
207	69	Declaration of Independence	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	6-8 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.372332	Explain key concepts related to Declaration of Independence.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Declaration of Independence."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 5	Elementary	\N	\N	f	Declaration of Independence	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
223	75	Analyzing Characters	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.389947	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of analyzing character traits and motivations to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on analyzing character traits and motivations. You will read a short story and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Analyzing Characters, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Music Box	short_story	The music box had sat on Grandma Rosa's dresser for as long as Daniela could remember. It was made of dark wood with a rose carved into the lid. When you opened it, a tiny metal cylinder turned and played a melody—soft, slow, and a little sad.\n\n"What song is that?" Daniela had asked when she was six.\n\n"It is a song from my village in Mexico," Grandma Rosa said. "My mother sang it when I was your age. She gave me this box the day I left for the United States. She said, 'Wherever this song plays, that is where home is.'"\n\nDaniela did not fully understand then. Home was here—the yellow house on Maple Street with the squeaky screen door and the smell of cinnamon in the kitchen.\n\nGrandma Rosa passed away the winter Daniela turned thirteen. The family gathered to sort through her things. Daniela's mother held up the music box. "She wanted you to have this," she said.\n\nDaniela took the box to her room and opened the lid. The melody filled the air, each note clear and fragile as glass. She closed her eyes and saw Grandma Rosa's hands—wrinkled and warm—turning the pages of old photo albums, kneading dough for tortillas, pressing flowers into books.\n\nDaniela realized the music box was more than an object. It was a thread connecting three generations. Her great-grandmother had listened to this same melody in a small village thousands of miles away. Her grandmother had carried it across a border and into a new life. Now it sat in Daniela's room, still playing, still holding a piece of every person who had loved it.\n\nShe wound the key and listened again. The song was not sad, she decided. It was something deeper—proof that love does not disappear. It just changes form.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Analyzing character traits and motivations	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
224	75	Plot Structure	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.390841	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on reading comprehension. You will read a short story and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Plot Structure, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Music Box	short_story	The music box had sat on Grandma Rosa's dresser for as long as Daniela could remember. It was made of dark wood with a rose carved into the lid. When you opened it, a tiny metal cylinder turned and played a melody—soft, slow, and a little sad.\n\n"What song is that?" Daniela had asked when she was six.\n\n"It is a song from my village in Mexico," Grandma Rosa said. "My mother sang it when I was your age. She gave me this box the day I left for the United States. She said, 'Wherever this song plays, that is where home is.'"\n\nDaniela did not fully understand then. Home was here—the yellow house on Maple Street with the squeaky screen door and the smell of cinnamon in the kitchen.\n\nGrandma Rosa passed away the winter Daniela turned thirteen. The family gathered to sort through her things. Daniela's mother held up the music box. "She wanted you to have this," she said.\n\nDaniela took the box to her room and opened the lid. The melody filled the air, each note clear and fragile as glass. She closed her eyes and saw Grandma Rosa's hands—wrinkled and warm—turning the pages of old photo albums, kneading dough for tortillas, pressing flowers into books.\n\nDaniela realized the music box was more than an object. It was a thread connecting three generations. Her great-grandmother had listened to this same melody in a small village thousands of miles away. Her grandmother had carried it across a border and into a new life. Now it sat in Daniela's room, still playing, still holding a piece of every person who had loved it.\n\nShe wound the key and listened again. The song was not sad, she decided. It was something deeper—proof that love does not disappear. It just changes form.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
226	76	Claims and Evidence	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.392826	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of developing writing skills to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on developing writing skills. You will read a informational text and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Claims and Evidence, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Science of Sleep	informational_text	Every night, your body performs one of its most essential functions: sleep. Although it may seem like nothing is happening when you close your eyes, your brain is actually working harder during some stages of sleep than when you are awake.\n\nSleep occurs in cycles that last about 90 minutes each. During a full night's rest, you typically go through four to six of these cycles. Each cycle contains four stages. The first three stages are called non-REM sleep, and the fourth is called REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.\n\nDuring the deep stages of non-REM sleep, your body repairs muscle tissue, strengthens the immune system, and releases growth hormones. This is why sleep is especially important for teenagers, whose bodies are still growing and developing.\n\nREM sleep is when most dreaming occurs. During this stage, your brain processes emotions, consolidates memories, and sorts through the information you absorbed during the day. Research shows that students who get adequate sleep perform significantly better on tests than those who stay up late studying. The brain literally needs sleep to move information from short-term to long-term memory.\n\nDespite its importance, many teenagers do not get enough sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that teenagers get eight to ten hours of sleep per night. However, studies show that nearly 73 percent of high school students get fewer than eight hours on school nights.\n\nSeveral factors work against teen sleep. Biological changes during puberty shift the body's internal clock, making it difficult to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Early school start times, homework, extracurricular activities, and screen time all reduce the hours available for rest.\n\nThe consequences of sleep deprivation are serious. Insufficient sleep is linked to difficulty concentrating, mood swings, weakened immunity, weight gain, and increased risk of accidents. Over time, chronic sleep loss can affect mental health and academic performance.\n\nImproving sleep habits is possible. Experts recommend keeping a consistent sleep schedule, avoiding screens for at least 30 minutes before bed, keeping the bedroom cool and dark, and avoiding caffeine in the afternoon and evening. Even small changes can lead to meaningful improvements in sleep quality.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Developing writing skills	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
228	76	Persuasive Techniques	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.395124	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of analyzing persuasive techniques to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on analyzing persuasive techniques. You will read a informational text and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	The Science of Sleep	informational_text	Every night, your body performs one of its most essential functions: sleep. Although it may seem like nothing is happening when you close your eyes, your brain is actually working harder during some stages of sleep than when you are awake.\n\nSleep occurs in cycles that last about 90 minutes each. During a full night's rest, you typically go through four to six of these cycles. Each cycle contains four stages. The first three stages are called non-REM sleep, and the fourth is called REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.\n\nDuring the deep stages of non-REM sleep, your body repairs muscle tissue, strengthens the immune system, and releases growth hormones. This is why sleep is especially important for teenagers, whose bodies are still growing and developing.\n\nREM sleep is when most dreaming occurs. During this stage, your brain processes emotions, consolidates memories, and sorts through the information you absorbed during the day. Research shows that students who get adequate sleep perform significantly better on tests than those who stay up late studying. The brain literally needs sleep to move information from short-term to long-term memory.\n\nDespite its importance, many teenagers do not get enough sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that teenagers get eight to ten hours of sleep per night. However, studies show that nearly 73 percent of high school students get fewer than eight hours on school nights.\n\nSeveral factors work against teen sleep. Biological changes during puberty shift the body's internal clock, making it difficult to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Early school start times, homework, extracurricular activities, and screen time all reduce the hours available for rest.\n\nThe consequences of sleep deprivation are serious. Insufficient sleep is linked to difficulty concentrating, mood swings, weakened immunity, weight gain, and increased risk of accidents. Over time, chronic sleep loss can affect mental health and academic performance.\n\nImproving sleep habits is possible. Experts recommend keeping a consistent sleep schedule, avoiding screens for at least 30 minutes before bed, keeping the bedroom cool and dark, and avoiding caffeine in the afternoon and evening. Even small changes can lead to meaningful improvements in sleep quality.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Analyzing persuasive techniques	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
270	90	Argumentative Essays	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.439958	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of understanding essay structure and argument to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on understanding essay structure and argument. You will read a informational text and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	The Science of Sleep	informational_text	Every night, your body performs one of its most essential functions: sleep. Although it may seem like nothing is happening when you close your eyes, your brain is actually working harder during some stages of sleep than when you are awake.\n\nSleep occurs in cycles that last about 90 minutes each. During a full night's rest, you typically go through four to six of these cycles. Each cycle contains four stages. The first three stages are called non-REM sleep, and the fourth is called REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.\n\nDuring the deep stages of non-REM sleep, your body repairs muscle tissue, strengthens the immune system, and releases growth hormones. This is why sleep is especially important for teenagers, whose bodies are still growing and developing.\n\nREM sleep is when most dreaming occurs. During this stage, your brain processes emotions, consolidates memories, and sorts through the information you absorbed during the day. Research shows that students who get adequate sleep perform significantly better on tests than those who stay up late studying. The brain literally needs sleep to move information from short-term to long-term memory.\n\nDespite its importance, many teenagers do not get enough sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that teenagers get eight to ten hours of sleep per night. However, studies show that nearly 73 percent of high school students get fewer than eight hours on school nights.\n\nSeveral factors work against teen sleep. Biological changes during puberty shift the body's internal clock, making it difficult to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Early school start times, homework, extracurricular activities, and screen time all reduce the hours available for rest.\n\nThe consequences of sleep deprivation are serious. Insufficient sleep is linked to difficulty concentrating, mood swings, weakened immunity, weight gain, and increased risk of accidents. Over time, chronic sleep loss can affect mental health and academic performance.\n\nImproving sleep habits is possible. Experts recommend keeping a consistent sleep schedule, avoiding screens for at least 30 minutes before bed, keeping the bedroom cool and dark, and avoiding caffeine in the afternoon and evening. Even small changes can lead to meaningful improvements in sleep quality.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Understanding essay structure and argument	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
234	78	Presentations	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.400989	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on reading comprehension. You will read a short story and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Presentations, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Forgotten Trail	short_story	The trail had no name on the map. It was a thin gray line that wandered off the main path and disappeared into the trees. Kai had seen it every time his family hiked Ridgeback Mountain, but they always stayed on the marked trail.\n\nToday, Kai was alone. He was fifteen, old enough—according to his parents—to hike the lower loops by himself. He stood at the fork where the unnamed trail began and felt something pull at him, a quiet curiosity that had been building for years.\n\nThe path was narrow and overgrown. Branches reached across it like arms trying to hold him back. The ground was soft and uneven, scattered with roots that grabbed at his boots. After twenty minutes, Kai began to doubt his decision. The trees blocked most of the sunlight, and the trail seemed to be fading.\n\nThen he heard it—water. Not a gentle stream, but something bigger. He pushed through a curtain of thick ferns and stopped.\n\nA waterfall cascaded over a wall of dark rock into a clear pool below. Mist hung in the air like silver dust. The rocks around the pool were covered in bright green moss. Kai had never seen anything so beautiful that close to the parking lot.\n\nHe sat on a flat rock and listened. The water roared and whispered at the same time. He thought about how this place had been here his whole life, hidden just a few hundred steps from the trail everyone followed.\n\nKai pulled out his phone to take a picture, then stopped. Some things, he decided, were worth more than a photo. He sat for a long time, letting the sound fill up the empty spaces inside him.\n\nWhen he finally stood and hiked back to the main trail, the forest felt different. Not because it had changed, but because he had. He realized that the best discoveries were not the ones people pointed you toward. They were the ones you had the courage to find yourself.\n\nKai smiled and walked toward the parking lot, already planning his next visit. This time, he would bring a notebook instead of a phone.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
214	72	Positive and Negative Numbers	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-sixth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 6th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.379943	Understand the concepts and methods of Positive and Negative Numbers.\nSolve problems involving Positive and Negative Numbers accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Positive and Negative Numbers to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Positive and Negative Numbers. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Positive and Negative Numbers. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Positive and Negative Numbers using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Positive and Negative Numbers	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Positive and Negative Numbers. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Positive and Negative Numbers", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Positive and Negative Numbers helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
216	72	Subtracting Integers	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.381953	Understand the concepts and methods of Subtracting Integers.\nSolve problems involving Subtracting Integers accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Subtracting Integers to real-world situations.	Subtraction finds the difference between two quantities. Subtraction is the inverse of addition. Check by adding: if a-b=c, then c+b=a.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Subtraction", "content": "Subtract 65 − 35. Ones place: 5 − 5 = 0.", "solution": "65 − 35 = 30"}, {"title": "Checking with Addition", "content": "If 85 − 37 = 48, check by adding: 48 + 37 = 85. ✓ Correct.", "solution": "85 − 37 = 48"}]	[{"hint": "Work right to left. Borrow if needed.", "answer": "65", "question": "Calculate: 75 − 10"}, {"hint": "Add your answer to the subtrahend.", "answer": "Yes, 65 + 10 = 75", "question": "Check your answer by adding: does 65 + 10 = 75?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Subtracting Integers	Subtraction finds the difference between two quantities. Subtraction is the inverse of addition. Check by adding: if a-b=c, then c+b=a.	\N	[{"step": "Subtract 390 − 389", "work": "Line up by place value. Subtract right to left. Borrow if needed.", "answer": "1"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to borrow when the top digit is smaller", "correction": "Borrow 1 from the next column (making it 10+ in the current column)."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Subtracting Integers helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
219	73	Inequalities	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-sixth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 6th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.385074	Understand the concepts and methods of Inequalities.\nSolve problems involving Inequalities accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Inequalities to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Inequalities. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Inequalities. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Inequalities using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Inequalities	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Inequalities. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Inequalities", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Inequalities helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
221	74	Data Displays	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability	Khan Academy: Statistics & Probability	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.387014	Understand the concepts and methods of Data Displays.\nSolve problems involving Data Displays accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Data Displays to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Data Displays. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding the Mean", "content": "Data: 8, 5, 12, 9, 6. Sum = 40. Count = 5. Mean = 40 ÷ 5.", "solution": "Mean = 8"}, {"title": "Finding Probability", "content": "A bag has 3 red and 7 blue marbles. P(red) = 3/(3+7) = 3/10.", "solution": "P(red) = 0.3 = 30%"}]	[{"hint": "First sort the numbers, then find the middle one.", "answer": "9", "question": "Find the median of: 14, 7, 11, 3, 9"}, {"hint": "Count favorable outcomes (1 and 2) out of total (6).", "answer": "2/6 = 1/3", "question": "A die has 6 faces. What is the probability of rolling a number less than 3?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Data Displays	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Data Displays. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Data Displays", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Data Displays helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
235	79	Cell Structure	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.402608	Explain the key scientific concepts of Cell Structure.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Cell Structure to real-world applications.	All living things are made of cells. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells (plants, animals) have a nucleus containing DNA. Key organelles: nucleus (control center), mitochondria (energy), ribosomes (proteins), cell membrane (boundary).	\N	[{"title": "Animal vs. Plant Cell", "content": "Both have: nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, ribosomes. Only plant cells have: cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole.", "solution": "Plant cells have structures for photosynthesis and structural support that animal cells lack."}]	[{"hint": "Think about energy production.", "answer": "Mitochondria produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.", "question": "What is the function of the mitochondria?"}, {"hint": "Think about structures unique to plant cells.", "answer": "Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.", "question": "Name two differences between plant and animal cells."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Cell Structure	All living things are made of cells. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells (plants, animals) have a nucleus containing DNA. Key organelles: nucleus (control center), mitochondria (energy), ribosomes (proteins), cell membrane (boundary).	\N	\N	\N	["microscope (optional)", "prepared slides or diagrams", "colored pencils", "paper"]	\N	[{"step": "Draw and label an animal cell and a plant cell.", "detail": "Include: nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes. For plant cells, add: cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole."}]	["What structures do plant and animal cells share?", "What structures are unique to plant cells?", "Why do plant cells need chloroplasts but animal cells do not?"]	Explain the relationship between cell structure and function. Why does each organelle matter?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding cells is the foundation of medicine, genetics, and biotechnology.	t
237	79	Cell Functions	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.4045	Explain the key scientific concepts of Cell Functions.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Cell Functions to real-world applications.	All living things are made of cells. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells (plants, animals) have a nucleus containing DNA. Key organelles: nucleus (control center), mitochondria (energy), ribosomes (proteins), cell membrane (boundary).	\N	[{"title": "Animal vs. Plant Cell", "content": "Both have: nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, ribosomes. Only plant cells have: cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole.", "solution": "Plant cells have structures for photosynthesis and structural support that animal cells lack."}]	[{"hint": "Think about energy production.", "answer": "Mitochondria produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.", "question": "What is the function of the mitochondria?"}, {"hint": "Think about structures unique to plant cells.", "answer": "Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.", "question": "Name two differences between plant and animal cells."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Cell Functions	All living things are made of cells. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells (plants, animals) have a nucleus containing DNA. Key organelles: nucleus (control center), mitochondria (energy), ribosomes (proteins), cell membrane (boundary).	\N	\N	\N	["microscope (optional)", "prepared slides or diagrams", "colored pencils", "paper"]	\N	[{"step": "Draw and label an animal cell and a plant cell.", "detail": "Include: nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes. For plant cells, add: cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole."}]	["What structures do plant and animal cells share?", "What structures are unique to plant cells?", "Why do plant cells need chloroplasts but animal cells do not?"]	Explain the relationship between cell structure and function. Why does each organelle matter?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding cells is the foundation of medicine, genetics, and biotechnology.	t
239	80	Circulatory System	\N	2	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.406768	Explain the key scientific concepts of Circulatory System.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Circulatory System to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Circulatory System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Circulatory System. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Circulatory System	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Circulatory System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Circulatory System connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
240	80	Respiratory System	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.407785	Explain the key scientific concepts of Respiratory System.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Respiratory System to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Respiratory System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Respiratory System. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Respiratory System	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Respiratory System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Respiratory System connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
242	81	Ecosystems	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.409917	Explain the key scientific concepts of Ecosystems.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Ecosystems to real-world applications.	An ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in an area. Energy flows: producers → primary consumers → secondary consumers → decomposers. Only ~10% of energy transfers between trophic levels. Biomes are large ecosystems defined by climate.	\N	[{"title": "Food Chain Example", "content": "Grass (producer) → Grasshopper (primary consumer) → Frog (secondary consumer) → Snake (tertiary consumer) → Hawk (top predator). Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead organisms at every level.", "solution": "Energy flows from producers to consumers, with only ~10% transferred at each step."}]	[{"hint": "Start with a plant (producer) and build up.", "answer": null, "question": "Create a food chain with at least four organisms. Label each as producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, or top predator."}, {"hint": "Think about what decomposers do with dead material and nutrients.", "answer": "Dead material would pile up and nutrients would not be recycled back into the soil, eventually starving producers.", "question": "What would happen to an ecosystem if all decomposers disappeared?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Ecosystems	An ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in an area. Energy flows: producers → primary consumers → secondary consumers → decomposers. Only ~10% of energy transfers between trophic levels. Biomes are large ecosystems defined by climate.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Ecologists study ecosystems to protect biodiversity, manage resources, and address environmental challenges.	t
243	81	Human Impact on Environment	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.410849	Explain the key scientific concepts of Human Impact on Environment.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Human Impact on Environment to real-world applications.	An ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in an area. Energy flows: producers → primary consumers → secondary consumers → decomposers. Only ~10% of energy transfers between trophic levels. Biomes are large ecosystems defined by climate.	\N	[{"title": "Food Chain Example", "content": "Grass (producer) → Grasshopper (primary consumer) → Frog (secondary consumer) → Snake (tertiary consumer) → Hawk (top predator). Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead organisms at every level.", "solution": "Energy flows from producers to consumers, with only ~10% transferred at each step."}]	[{"hint": "Start with a plant (producer) and build up.", "answer": null, "question": "Create a food chain with at least four organisms. Label each as producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, or top predator."}, {"hint": "Think about what decomposers do with dead material and nutrients.", "answer": "Dead material would pile up and nutrients would not be recycled back into the soil, eventually starving producers.", "question": "What would happen to an ecosystem if all decomposers disappeared?"}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Human Impact on Environment	An ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in an area. Energy flows: producers → primary consumers → secondary consumers → decomposers. Only ~10% of energy transfers between trophic levels. Biomes are large ecosystems defined by climate.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Ecologists study ecosystems to protect biodiversity, manage resources, and address environmental challenges.	f
244	82	Mesopotamia	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.412335	Explain key concepts related to Mesopotamia.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Mesopotamia. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Mesopotamia, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Mesopotamia and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Mesopotamia connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Mesopotamia	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Mesopotamia. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Mesopotamia. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Mesopotamia develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
246	82	Ancient Greece	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history	Khan Academy: World History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.413996	Explain key concepts related to Ancient Greece.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Ancient Greece. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Ancient Greece, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Ancient Greece and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Ancient Greece connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Ancient Greece	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Ancient Greece. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Ancient Greece. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Ancient Greece develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
248	83	Climate Zones	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.416214	Explain key concepts related to Climate Zones.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Climate Zones. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Climate Zones, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Climate Zones and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Climate Zones connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Climate Zones	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Climate Zones. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Climate Zones. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Climate Zones develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
250	84	Roman Republic	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.41823	Explain key concepts related to Roman Republic.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Roman Republic. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Roman Republic, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Roman Republic and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Roman Republic connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Roman Republic	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Roman Republic. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Roman Republic. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Roman Republic develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
252	84	Fall of Rome	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.420067	Explain key concepts related to Fall of Rome.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Fall of Rome. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Fall of Rome, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Fall of Rome and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Fall of Rome connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 6	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Fall of Rome	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Fall of Rome. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Fall of Rome. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Fall of Rome develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
274	92	Word Origins	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.44424	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of understanding vocabulary in context to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on understanding vocabulary in context. You will read a informational text and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Using Word Parts", "content": "\\"Unbelievable\\" = un (not) + believe + able (capable of). Meaning: not capable of being believed; incredible.", "solution": "unbelievable = not capable of being believed"}, {"title": "Context Clues", "content": "\\"The arid desert received less than five inches of rain per year.\\" Clue: \\"less than five inches of rain\\" tells us arid means very dry.", "solution": "arid = extremely dry"}]	[{"hint": "dis- (not) + agree (to be in harmony) + -ment (state of).", "answer": "dis-agree-ment: the state of not agreeing", "question": "Break the word \\"disagreement\\" into its prefix, root, and suffix. Define each part."}, {"hint": "\\"There\\" = a place. \\"Their\\" = belonging to them. \\"They're\\" = they are.", "answer": "They went there to pick up their order.", "question": "Write the correct homophone: \\"They went (their/there/they're) to pick up (their/there/they're) order.\\""}]	Khan Academy	The Science of Sleep	informational_text	Every night, your body performs one of its most essential functions: sleep. Although it may seem like nothing is happening when you close your eyes, your brain is actually working harder during some stages of sleep than when you are awake.\n\nSleep occurs in cycles that last about 90 minutes each. During a full night's rest, you typically go through four to six of these cycles. Each cycle contains four stages. The first three stages are called non-REM sleep, and the fourth is called REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.\n\nDuring the deep stages of non-REM sleep, your body repairs muscle tissue, strengthens the immune system, and releases growth hormones. This is why sleep is especially important for teenagers, whose bodies are still growing and developing.\n\nREM sleep is when most dreaming occurs. During this stage, your brain processes emotions, consolidates memories, and sorts through the information you absorbed during the day. Research shows that students who get adequate sleep perform significantly better on tests than those who stay up late studying. The brain literally needs sleep to move information from short-term to long-term memory.\n\nDespite its importance, many teenagers do not get enough sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that teenagers get eight to ten hours of sleep per night. However, studies show that nearly 73 percent of high school students get fewer than eight hours on school nights.\n\nSeveral factors work against teen sleep. Biological changes during puberty shift the body's internal clock, making it difficult to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Early school start times, homework, extracurricular activities, and screen time all reduce the hours available for rest.\n\nThe consequences of sleep deprivation are serious. Insufficient sleep is linked to difficulty concentrating, mood swings, weakened immunity, weight gain, and increased risk of accidents. Over time, chronic sleep loss can affect mental health and academic performance.\n\nImproving sleep habits is possible. Experts recommend keeping a consistent sleep schedule, avoiding screens for at least 30 minutes before bed, keeping the bedroom cool and dark, and avoiding caffeine in the afternoon and evening. Even small changes can lead to meaningful improvements in sleep quality.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Understanding vocabulary in context	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
276	92	Academic Language	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.445999	Read and comprehend a grade-level informational text.\nApply the skill of understanding vocabulary in context to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on understanding vocabulary in context. You will read a informational text and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Academic Language, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	The Science of Sleep	informational_text	Every night, your body performs one of its most essential functions: sleep. Although it may seem like nothing is happening when you close your eyes, your brain is actually working harder during some stages of sleep than when you are awake.\n\nSleep occurs in cycles that last about 90 minutes each. During a full night's rest, you typically go through four to six of these cycles. Each cycle contains four stages. The first three stages are called non-REM sleep, and the fourth is called REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.\n\nDuring the deep stages of non-REM sleep, your body repairs muscle tissue, strengthens the immune system, and releases growth hormones. This is why sleep is especially important for teenagers, whose bodies are still growing and developing.\n\nREM sleep is when most dreaming occurs. During this stage, your brain processes emotions, consolidates memories, and sorts through the information you absorbed during the day. Research shows that students who get adequate sleep perform significantly better on tests than those who stay up late studying. The brain literally needs sleep to move information from short-term to long-term memory.\n\nDespite its importance, many teenagers do not get enough sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that teenagers get eight to ten hours of sleep per night. However, studies show that nearly 73 percent of high school students get fewer than eight hours on school nights.\n\nSeveral factors work against teen sleep. Biological changes during puberty shift the body's internal clock, making it difficult to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Early school start times, homework, extracurricular activities, and screen time all reduce the hours available for rest.\n\nThe consequences of sleep deprivation are serious. Insufficient sleep is linked to difficulty concentrating, mood swings, weakened immunity, weight gain, and increased risk of accidents. Over time, chronic sleep loss can affect mental health and academic performance.\n\nImproving sleep habits is possible. Experts recommend keeping a consistent sleep schedule, avoiding screens for at least 30 minutes before bed, keeping the bedroom cool and dark, and avoiding caffeine in the afternoon and evening. Even small changes can lead to meaningful improvements in sleep quality.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Understanding vocabulary in context	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
253	85	Constant of Proportionality	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/trigonometry	Khan Academy: Trigonometry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.422007	Understand the concepts and methods of Constant of Proportionality.\nSolve problems involving Constant of Proportionality accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Constant of Proportionality to real-world situations.	Trigonometry relates angles to side lengths in right triangles. The three main ratios are sine, cosine, and tangent. The unit circle extends these to all angles.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Simplifying a Ratio", "content": "Simplify 12:8. The GCF of 12 and 8 is 4. Divide both by 4: 12:8 = 3:2.", "solution": "12:8 = 3:2"}, {"title": "Solving a Proportion", "content": "Solve: x/5 = 12/20. Cross multiply: 20x = 60. Divide: x = 3.", "solution": "x = 3"}]	[{"hint": "Find the GCF and divide both by it.", "answer": "3:2", "question": "Simplify the ratio 18:12."}, {"hint": "Set up a proportion: 4/6 = 10/x, then cross-multiply.", "answer": "$15", "question": "If 4 notebooks cost $6, how much do 10 notebooks cost?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Constant of Proportionality	Trigonometry relates angles to side lengths in right triangles. The three main ratios are sine, cosine, and tangent. The unit circle extends these to all angles.	SOH CAH TOA: sin=opp/hyp, cos=adj/hyp, tan=opp/adj	[{"step": "Find opposite side: angle 30°, hyp=10", "work": "sin(30°)=opp/10, opp=10×0.5=5", "answer": "5"}]	[{"mistake": "Using the wrong trig ratio for the given sides", "correction": "SOH CAH TOA: identify which sides you have relative to the angle."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Constant of Proportionality helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
255	85	Scale Drawings	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-seventh-grade-math	Khan Academy: 7th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.423843	Understand the concepts and methods of Scale Drawings.\nSolve problems involving Scale Drawings accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Scale Drawings to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Scale Drawings. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Scale Drawings. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Scale Drawings using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Scale Drawings	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Scale Drawings. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Scale Drawings", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Scale Drawings helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
257	86	Operations with Fractions	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic	Khan Academy: Arithmetic	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.425848	Understand the concepts and methods of Operations with Fractions.\nSolve problems involving Operations with Fractions accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Operations with Fractions to real-world situations.	A fraction represents part of a whole. The numerator (top) shows parts selected; the denominator (bottom) shows total equal parts. To add or subtract fractions, find a common denominator first.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Equivalent Fractions", "content": "Find a fraction equivalent to 3/4. Multiply both parts by 2: (3×2)/(4×2) = 6/8. So 3/4 = 6/8.", "solution": "3/4 = 6/8"}, {"title": "Adding Fractions", "content": "Add 1/4 + 2/4. The denominators are the same, so add the numerators: (1+2)/4 = 3/4.", "solution": "1/4 + 2/4 = 3/4"}]	[{"hint": "Find the greatest common factor of 8 and 12, then divide both by it.", "answer": "2/3", "question": "Simplify the fraction 8/12 to lowest terms."}, {"hint": "When denominators are the same, add the numerators.", "answer": "3/5", "question": "Add: 2/5 + 1/5"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Operations with Fractions	A fraction represents part of a whole. The numerator (top) shows parts selected; the denominator (bottom) shows total equal parts. To add or subtract fractions, find a common denominator first.	a/b + c/d = (ad + bc) / bd	[{"step": "Add 1/4 + 2/4", "work": "Same denominator: (1+2)/4 = 3/4", "answer": "3/4"}, {"step": "Add 1/3 + 1/6", "work": "LCD=6. Convert: 2/6+1/6=3/6=1/2", "answer": "1/2"}]	[{"mistake": "Adding denominators: 1/4+1/4≠2/8", "correction": "Only add numerators when denominators match. 1/4+1/4=2/4=1/2."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Operations with Fractions helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
259	87	Angles	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry	Khan Academy: Geometry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.427852	Understand the concepts and methods of Angles.\nSolve problems involving Angles accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Angles to real-world situations.	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Area of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the area of a rectangle with length 6 cm and width 10 cm. Area = length × width.", "solution": "A = 6 × 10 = 60 cm²"}, {"title": "Perimeter of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the perimeter of the same rectangle. P = 2(length + width).", "solution": "P = 2(6 + 10) = 2(16) = 32 cm"}]	[{"hint": "A = ½ × base × height.", "answer": null, "question": "Find the area of a triangle with base 7 and height 4."}, {"hint": "C = 2πr.", "answer": "43.96", "question": "Find the circumference of a circle with radius 7. Use π ≈ 3.14."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Angles	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	Area of rectangle = l × w | Area of triangle = ½ × b × h | Circumference = 2πr	[{"step": "Find area: rectangle 10×9", "work": "A = length × width = 10 × 9", "answer": "90 square units"}]	[{"mistake": "Confusing area (square units) with perimeter (linear units)", "correction": "Area = inside space (multiply). Perimeter = outside distance (add all sides)."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Angles helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
262	88	Probability	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability	Khan Academy: Statistics & Probability	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.430799	Understand the concepts and methods of Probability.\nSolve problems involving Probability accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Probability to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Probability. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding the Mean", "content": "Data: 8, 5, 12, 9, 6. Sum = 40. Count = 5. Mean = 40 ÷ 5.", "solution": "Mean = 8"}, {"title": "Finding Probability", "content": "A bag has 3 red and 7 blue marbles. P(red) = 3/(3+7) = 3/10.", "solution": "P(red) = 0.3 = 30%"}]	[{"hint": "First sort the numbers, then find the middle one.", "answer": "9", "question": "Find the median of: 14, 7, 11, 3, 9"}, {"hint": "Count favorable outcomes (1 and 2) out of total (6).", "answer": "2/6 = 1/3", "question": "A die has 6 faces. What is the probability of rolling a number less than 3?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Probability	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Probability. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Probability", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Probability helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
264	88	Comparing Populations	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-seventh-grade-math	Khan Academy: 7th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.432633	Understand the concepts and methods of Comparing Populations.\nSolve problems involving Comparing Populations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Comparing Populations to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Comparing Populations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Comparing Populations. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Comparing Populations using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Comparing Populations	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Comparing Populations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Comparing Populations", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Comparing Populations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
278	93	DNA and Heredity	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.44837	Explain the key scientific concepts of DNA and Heredity.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect DNA and Heredity to real-world applications.	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	[{"title": "Punnett Square", "content": "Cross Bb × Bb (both parents carry one dominant and one recessive allele). Results: BB (25%), Bb (50%), bb (25%). So 75% show the dominant trait and 25% show the recessive trait.", "solution": "3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes."}]	[{"hint": "Set up a Punnett square with Bb × Bb.", "answer": "25% (bb)", "question": "If both parents have the genotype Bb for eye color (B = brown, b = blue), what percentage of offspring could have blue eyes?"}, {"hint": "Think about which individuals survive and reproduce more successfully.", "answer": "Organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce more, passing those traits to offspring. Over generations, the population becomes better adapted.", "question": "Explain how natural selection leads to adaptation over time."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	DNA and Heredity	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Genetics informs medicine (genetic testing, gene therapy), agriculture (crop improvement), and forensics (DNA evidence).	t
280	94	Nervous System	\N	1	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.450527	Explain the key scientific concepts of Nervous System.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Nervous System to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Nervous System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Nervous System. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Nervous System	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Nervous System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Nervous System connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
282	94	Immune System	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine	Khan Academy: Health & Medicine	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.452288	Explain the key scientific concepts of Immune System.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Immune System to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Immune System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Immune System. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Immune System	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Immune System. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Immune System connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	t
284	95	Symbiotic Relationships	\N	2	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.454336	Explain the key scientific concepts of Symbiotic Relationships.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Symbiotic Relationships to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Symbiotic Relationships. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Symbiotic Relationships. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Symbiotic Relationships	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Symbiotic Relationships. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Symbiotic Relationships connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
285	95	Conservation	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.455403	Explain the key scientific concepts of Conservation.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Conservation to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Conservation. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Conservation. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Conservation	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Conservation. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Conservation connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
287	96	Islamic Golden Age	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.458023	Explain key concepts related to Islamic Golden Age.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Islamic Golden Age. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Islamic Golden Age, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Islamic Golden Age and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Islamic Golden Age connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Islamic Golden Age	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Islamic Golden Age. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Islamic Golden Age. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Islamic Golden Age develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
290	97	Protestant Reformation	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.460908	Explain key concepts related to Protestant Reformation.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Protestant Reformation. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Protestant Reformation, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Protestant Reformation and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Protestant Reformation connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Protestant Reformation	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Protestant Reformation. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Protestant Reformation. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Protestant Reformation develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
294	98	Civic Participation	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics	Khan Academy: US Government & Civics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.464778	Explain key concepts related to Civic Participation.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	[{"title": "Checks and Balances", "content": "Congress passes a law → President can veto it → Congress can override with 2/3 vote → Supreme Court can declare it unconstitutional. Each branch checks the others.", "solution": "No single branch can act without oversight from the others."}]	[{"hint": "Think: make laws, enforce laws, interpret laws.", "answer": "Legislative (makes laws), Executive (enforces laws), Judicial (interprets laws).", "question": "Name the three branches of government and the main function of each."}, {"hint": "What would happen if one branch had unlimited power?", "answer": "It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, protecting citizens' rights.", "question": "Why is the system of checks and balances important?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 7	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Civic Participation	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Excerpt: The Preamble to the Constitution	primary_source	"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	Understanding government helps citizens participate in democracy through voting, civic engagement, and understanding their rights.	t
314	105	Literary Movements	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.485521	Read and comprehend a grade-level short story.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson focuses on reading comprehension. You will read a short story and apply this skill by analyzing the text carefully. Strong readers do not just understand what a text says—they think about how and why the author makes specific choices.\n\nAs you read, annotate key details, unfamiliar words, and moments that seem important. After reading, you will answer questions that require you to cite specific evidence from the text to support your responses.	[{"term": "consolidate", "definition": "To combine or bring together into a single, stronger whole."}, {"term": "cascade", "definition": "To fall or flow downward rapidly, like a waterfall."}, {"term": "deprivation", "definition": "The lack or denial of something considered necessary."}, {"term": "heritage", "definition": "Traditions, achievements, and beliefs passed down through generations."}, {"term": "perspective", "definition": "A particular way of viewing or understanding things."}, {"term": "metaphor", "definition": "A figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using like or as."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Theme", "content": "In a story where a shy student finds courage to speak up against bullying, the theme might be: \\"Standing up for what is right requires courage, but it inspires others to do the same.\\"", "solution": "Theme = a message about life, not just a topic word."}, {"title": "Analyzing Characterization", "content": "The author writes: \\"Jake straightened his shoulders, took a deep breath, and walked into the room full of strangers.\\" This shows Jake is nervous but determined — revealed through his actions.", "solution": "Indirect characterization through actions."}]	[{"hint": "Consider: what do they say? What do they do? What do others say about them?", "answer": null, "question": "Choose a character from your current reading. Describe how the author reveals their personality using at least two methods of characterization."}, {"hint": "Look for comparisons or objects that seem to represent something larger.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one example of figurative language (simile, metaphor, or symbolism) in your reading and explain what it means."}]	Khan Academy	The Forgotten Trail	short_story	The trail had no name on the map. It was a thin gray line that wandered off the main path and disappeared into the trees. Kai had seen it every time his family hiked Ridgeback Mountain, but they always stayed on the marked trail.\n\nToday, Kai was alone. He was fifteen, old enough—according to his parents—to hike the lower loops by himself. He stood at the fork where the unnamed trail began and felt something pull at him, a quiet curiosity that had been building for years.\n\nThe path was narrow and overgrown. Branches reached across it like arms trying to hold him back. The ground was soft and uneven, scattered with roots that grabbed at his boots. After twenty minutes, Kai began to doubt his decision. The trees blocked most of the sunlight, and the trail seemed to be fading.\n\nThen he heard it—water. Not a gentle stream, but something bigger. He pushed through a curtain of thick ferns and stopped.\n\nA waterfall cascaded over a wall of dark rock into a clear pool below. Mist hung in the air like silver dust. The rocks around the pool were covered in bright green moss. Kai had never seen anything so beautiful that close to the parking lot.\n\nHe sat on a flat rock and listened. The water roared and whispered at the same time. He thought about how this place had been here his whole life, hidden just a few hundred steps from the trail everyone followed.\n\nKai pulled out his phone to take a picture, then stopped. Some things, he decided, were worth more than a photo. He sat for a long time, letting the sound fill up the empty spaces inside him.\n\nWhen he finally stood and hiked back to the main trail, the forest felt different. Not because it had changed, but because he had. He realized that the best discoveries were not the ones people pointed you toward. They were the ones you had the courage to find yourself.\n\nKai smiled and walked toward the parking lot, already planning his next visit. This time, he would bring a notebook instead of a phone.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
296	99	Slope	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.467162	Understand the concepts and methods of Slope.\nSolve problems involving Slope accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Slope to real-world situations.	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Slope	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b | Slope: m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)	[{"step": "Find slope between (1,3) and (4,9)", "work": "m=(9-3)/(4-1)=6/3=2", "answer": "m=2"}]	[{"mistake": "Swapping x and y values in the slope formula", "correction": "Slope = rise/run = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁). Keep the order consistent."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Slope helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
297	99	Graphing Linear Equations	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.468085	Understand the concepts and methods of Graphing Linear Equations.\nSolve problems involving Graphing Linear Equations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Graphing Linear Equations to real-world situations.	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "One-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 2x = 16. Divide both sides by 2.", "solution": "x = 8"}, {"title": "Two-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 2x + 7 = 23. Step 1: Subtract 7 from both sides → 2x = 16. Step 2: Divide by 2.", "solution": "x = 8"}]	[{"hint": "Subtract 7 from both sides, then divide by 3.", "answer": "x = 5", "question": "Solve: 3x + 7 = 22"}, {"hint": "Combine like terms (the x terms).", "answer": "6x − 3", "question": "Simplify: 4x + 2x − 3"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Graphing Linear Equations	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	To solve ax + b = c: subtract b, then divide by a	[{"step": "Solve: 7x + 2 = 44", "work": "Step 1: Subtract 2: 7x = 42. Step 2: Divide by 7: x = 6. Check: 7(6)+2=44 ✓", "answer": "x = 6"}]	[{"mistake": "Performing an operation on only one side of the equation", "correction": "Always apply the same operation to BOTH sides to maintain balance."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Graphing Linear Equations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
299	100	Solving by Substitution	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-eighth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 8th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.470218	Understand the concepts and methods of Solving by Substitution.\nSolve problems involving Solving by Substitution accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Solving by Substitution to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Solving by Substitution. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Solving by Substitution. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Solving by Substitution using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Solving by Substitution	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Solving by Substitution. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Solving by Substitution", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Solving by Substitution helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
301	101	Understanding Functions	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/trigonometry	Khan Academy: Trigonometry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.472492	Understand the concepts and methods of Understanding Functions.\nSolve problems involving Understanding Functions accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Understanding Functions to real-world situations.	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Understanding Functions	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b | Slope: m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)	[{"step": "Find slope between (1,3) and (4,9)", "work": "m=(9-3)/(4-1)=6/3=2", "answer": "m=2"}]	[{"mistake": "Swapping x and y values in the slope formula", "correction": "Slope = rise/run = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁). Keep the order consistent."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Understanding Functions helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
302	101	Linear vs Nonlinear	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.473424	Understand the concepts and methods of Linear vs Nonlinear.\nSolve problems involving Linear vs Nonlinear accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Linear vs Nonlinear to real-world situations.	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Linear vs Nonlinear	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b | Slope: m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)	[{"step": "Find slope between (1,3) and (4,9)", "work": "m=(9-3)/(4-1)=6/3=2", "answer": "m=2"}]	[{"mistake": "Swapping x and y values in the slope formula", "correction": "Slope = rise/run = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁). Keep the order consistent."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Linear vs Nonlinear helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
304	102	Pythagorean Theorem	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-eighth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 8th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.475508	Understand the concepts and methods of Pythagorean Theorem.\nSolve problems involving Pythagorean Theorem accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Pythagorean Theorem to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Pythagorean Theorem. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Pythagorean Theorem. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Pythagorean Theorem using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Pythagorean Theorem	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Pythagorean Theorem. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Pythagorean Theorem", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Pythagorean Theorem helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
305	102	Transformations	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-eighth-grade-math	Khan Academy: 8th Grade Math	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.476345	Understand the concepts and methods of Transformations.\nSolve problems involving Transformations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Transformations to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Transformations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Transformations. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Transformations using the methods from this lesson."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Transformations	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Transformations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Transformations", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Transformations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
319	107	Atomic Structure	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry	Khan Academy: Chemistry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.49104	Explain the key scientific concepts of Atomic Structure.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Atomic Structure to real-world applications.	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	[{"title": "Balancing an Equation", "content": "Unbalanced: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O. Count atoms: 2H and 2O on left, 2H and 1O on right. Balanced: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.", "solution": "2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (4H and 2O on each side)"}]	[{"hint": "Think about how many types of atoms are involved.", "answer": "An element is one type of atom; a compound is two or more elements bonded together.", "question": "What is the difference between an element and a compound?"}, {"hint": "Na is a metal, Cl is a nonmetal.", "answer": "Ionic — metals and nonmetals form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.", "question": "Is NaCl (table salt) an ionic or covalent compound?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Atomic Structure	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	\N	\N	["baking soda", "vinegar", "balloon", "empty bottle", "safety goggles"]	Wear safety goggles. Do not taste chemicals. Work in a ventilated area.	[{"step": "Put 2 tablespoons of baking soda into a balloon. Pour vinegar into a bottle. Stretch the balloon over the bottle opening and lift to drop the baking soda in.", "detail": "Observe the balloon inflating. The reaction: NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CO₂ + H₂O + NaCH₃COO."}]	["What gas inflated the balloon?", "Was this a chemical or physical change? How do you know?", "What evidence of a chemical reaction did you observe?"]	Explain what happened using the law of conservation of mass. Were atoms created or destroyed?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Chemical reactions power everything from baking bread to rocket engines to batteries.	t
322	108	Forces and Motion	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.494095	Explain the key scientific concepts of Forces and Motion.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Forces and Motion to real-world applications.	Newton's Three Laws: 1st—An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a force (inertia). 2nd—Force = mass × acceleration (F=ma). 3rd—Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction opposes motion. Gravity accelerates objects at 9.8 m/s².	\N	[{"title": "Newton's Second Law", "content": "A 10 kg box is pushed with a force of 50 N. What is its acceleration? F = ma → 50 = 10 × a → a = 50/10.", "solution": "a = 5 m/s²"}, {"title": "Newton's Third Law", "content": "A swimmer pushes water backward (action). The water pushes the swimmer forward (reaction). This is why swimming works.", "solution": "Action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction."}]	[{"hint": "Use F = ma.", "answer": "F = 5 × 3 = 15 N", "question": "Calculate: A 5 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s². What force is acting on it?"}, {"hint": "What force opposes the ball's motion?", "answer": "Friction between the ball and grass slows it down until it stops.", "question": "Explain why a soccer ball eventually stops rolling on grass."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Forces and Motion	Newton's Three Laws: 1st—An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a force (inertia). 2nd—Force = mass × acceleration (F=ma). 3rd—Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction opposes motion. Gravity accelerates objects at 9.8 m/s².	\N	\N	\N	["toy car", "ramp", "ruler", "timer", "different surfaces (carpet, tile, sandpaper)"]	Keep the ramp stable. Do not stand on the ramp.	[{"step": "Release a toy car from the same height on ramps with different surfaces.", "detail": "Measure how far the car travels on each surface. Record in a data table."}]	["On which surface did the car travel farthest?", "On which surface did it travel the shortest distance?", "How does friction affect the car's motion?"]	Explain how friction affects motion using your experimental data as evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Engineers design brakes, tires, and road surfaces using knowledge of friction and motion.	t
326	109	Earthquakes and Volcanoes	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/earth-science	Khan Academy: Earth Science	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.497771	Explain the key scientific concepts of Earthquakes and Volcanoes.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Earthquakes and Volcanoes to real-world applications.	Earth has layers: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core. Plate tectonics: Earth's crust is divided into moving plates. Convergent boundaries create mountains. Divergent boundaries create rifts. Transform boundaries cause earthquakes. The rock cycle: igneous → sedimentary → metamorphic (and back).	\N	[{"title": "The Rock Cycle", "content": "Granite (igneous) → weathering breaks it into sediment → sediment compresses into sandstone (sedimentary) → heat and pressure transform it into quartzite (metamorphic) → melting creates magma → cooling forms new igneous rock.", "solution": "Rocks cycle between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms."}]	[{"hint": "Think about cooling, compression, and transformation.", "answer": "Igneous (cooled magma), Sedimentary (compressed sediment), Metamorphic (changed by heat/pressure).", "question": "Name the three types of rocks and how each is formed."}, {"hint": "What occurs when two plates push together?", "answer": "Plates collide, forming mountains or subduction zones (one plate slides under another).", "question": "What happens at a convergent plate boundary?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Earthquakes and Volcanoes	Earth has layers: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core. Plate tectonics: Earth's crust is divided into moving plates. Convergent boundaries create mountains. Divergent boundaries create rifts. Transform boundaries cause earthquakes. The rock cycle: igneous → sedimentary → metamorphic (and back).	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Geologists study Earth's structure to predict earthquakes, find resources, and understand natural hazards.	t
327	109	Climate Change	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/earth-science	Khan Academy: Earth Science	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.498594	Explain the key scientific concepts of Climate Change.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Climate Change to real-world applications.	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	[{"title": "The Water Cycle", "content": "Sun heats a lake → water evaporates into vapor → vapor rises and cools → condensation forms clouds → clouds produce precipitation (rain) → rain flows back into the lake.", "solution": "Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Collection"}]	[{"hint": "One is short-term, the other is long-term.", "answer": "Weather is daily atmospheric conditions; climate is the average conditions over decades.", "question": "Explain the difference between weather and climate."}, {"hint": "What happens when water vapor cools?", "answer": "Water vapor cools and changes from gas to liquid, forming clouds.", "question": "Describe what happens during condensation in the water cycle."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Climate Change	Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions. Climate is long-term averages. The water cycle: evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Cloud types indicate weather: cumulus (fair), stratus (steady rain), cumulonimbus (storms).	\N	\N	\N	["glass jar", "hot water", "ice", "plate", "food coloring (optional)"]	\N	[{"step": "Create a mini water cycle: pour hot water into a jar, place a plate with ice on top.", "detail": "Observe condensation forming on the plate. Watch droplets fall back into the jar."}]	["Where did you see evaporation?", "Where did condensation occur?", "What represented precipitation?"]	Explain how your model demonstrates the water cycle. How does this compare to what happens in nature?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Meteorologists use water cycle knowledge to predict weather. Climate scientists study long-term patterns.	t
329	110	Three Branches of Government	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics	Khan Academy: US Government & Civics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.50083	Explain key concepts related to Three Branches of Government.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	[{"title": "Checks and Balances", "content": "Congress passes a law → President can veto it → Congress can override with 2/3 vote → Supreme Court can declare it unconstitutional. Each branch checks the others.", "solution": "No single branch can act without oversight from the others."}]	[{"hint": "Think: make laws, enforce laws, interpret laws.", "answer": "Legislative (makes laws), Executive (enforces laws), Judicial (interprets laws).", "question": "Name the three branches of government and the main function of each."}, {"hint": "What would happen if one branch had unlimited power?", "answer": "It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, protecting citizens' rights.", "question": "Why is the system of checks and balances important?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Three Branches of Government	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Excerpt: The Preamble to the Constitution	primary_source	"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	Understanding government helps citizens participate in democracy through voting, civic engagement, and understanding their rights.	t
331	111	Causes of the Civil War	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.502801	Explain key concepts related to Causes of the Civil War.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Causes of the Civil War."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Causes of the Civil War	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
333	111	Reconstruction	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.504803	Explain key concepts related to Reconstruction.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Reconstruction. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Reconstruction, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Reconstruction and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Reconstruction connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Reconstruction	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Reconstruction. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Reconstruction. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Reconstruction develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
335	112	Immigration	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.507183	Explain key concepts related to Immigration.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Immigration. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Immigration, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Immigration and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Immigration connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 8	Middle School	\N	\N	f	Immigration	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Immigration. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Immigration. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Immigration develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
349	117	The Short Story	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.522126	Read and comprehend a grade-level literature excerpt.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a literature excerpt. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Theme", "content": "In a story where a shy student finds courage to speak up against bullying, the theme might be: \\"Standing up for what is right requires courage, but it inspires others to do the same.\\"", "solution": "Theme = a message about life, not just a topic word."}, {"title": "Analyzing Characterization", "content": "The author writes: \\"Jake straightened his shoulders, took a deep breath, and walked into the room full of strangers.\\" This shows Jake is nervous but determined — revealed through his actions.", "solution": "Indirect characterization through actions."}]	[{"hint": "Consider: what do they say? What do they do? What do others say about them?", "answer": null, "question": "Choose a character from your current reading. Describe how the author reveals their personality using at least two methods of characterization."}, {"hint": "Look for comparisons or objects that seem to represent something larger.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one example of figurative language (simile, metaphor, or symbolism) in your reading and explain what it means."}]	Khan Academy	The Promise and Price of Progress	literature_excerpt	Every generation believes it stands at the pinnacle of progress, and every generation is both right and wrong. We are right because we have indeed advanced beyond what came before—our medicine is more effective, our communication faster, our access to knowledge more democratic than at any point in human history. We are wrong because we tend to confuse advancement with arrival, as if progress were a destination rather than a direction.\n\nConsider the automobile. When Henry Ford's assembly line made cars affordable in the early twentieth century, it was celebrated as a triumph of innovation. Families could travel freely. Rural communities gained access to cities. Commerce accelerated. And yet, within decades, the same invention contributed to urban sprawl, air pollution, traffic fatalities, and a dependence on fossil fuels that now threatens the global climate. The car did not stop being an achievement. But it became clear that achievement is never cost-free.\n\nThis pattern repeats throughout history. The printing press democratized knowledge and also enabled propaganda. Antibiotics saved millions of lives and also created resistant bacteria. The internet connected the world and also fractured our attention.\n\nNone of this means we should reject progress. It means we should pursue it with open eyes. The measure of a society is not how quickly it innovates, but how honestly it reckons with the consequences of its innovations.\n\nThe philosopher Hans Jonas wrote that modern technology has introduced "a new dimension of responsibility." Previous generations could act locally and trust that the effects would remain local. We no longer have that luxury. A decision made in one boardroom can alter the atmosphere. A piece of software released in one country can reshape elections in another.\n\nProgress, then, is not a force to be celebrated or feared. It is a force to be governed—carefully, collectively, and with a willingness to ask the hardest question of all: Just because we can, should we?	Original essay for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
351	117	Poetry Forms	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.523964	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Theme", "content": "In a story where a shy student finds courage to speak up against bullying, the theme might be: \\"Standing up for what is right requires courage, but it inspires others to do the same.\\"", "solution": "Theme = a message about life, not just a topic word."}, {"title": "Analyzing Characterization", "content": "The author writes: \\"Jake straightened his shoulders, took a deep breath, and walked into the room full of strangers.\\" This shows Jake is nervous but determined — revealed through his actions.", "solution": "Indirect characterization through actions."}]	[{"hint": "Consider: what do they say? What do they do? What do others say about them?", "answer": null, "question": "Choose a character from your current reading. Describe how the author reveals their personality using at least two methods of characterization."}, {"hint": "Look for comparisons or objects that seem to represent something larger.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one example of figurative language (simile, metaphor, or symbolism) in your reading and explain what it means."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
352	118	Literary Analysis Essay	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.525138	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of understanding essay structure and argument to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in understanding essay structure and argument through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Understanding essay structure and argument	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
355	119	Sentence Variety	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar	Khan Academy: Grammar	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.528085	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in understanding grammar and sentence structure through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Parts of Speech", "content": "\\"The brave firefighter quickly climbed the tall ladder.\\" Noun: firefighter, ladder. Verb: climbed. Adjective: brave, tall. Adverb: quickly.", "solution": "Each word serves a specific function in the sentence."}, {"title": "Correcting a Sentence", "content": "Incorrect: \\"Me and him went to the store.\\" Correct: \\"He and I went to the store.\\" Use subject pronouns (I, he, she, we, they) as subjects.", "solution": "\\"He and I went to the store.\\""}]	[{"hint": "The subject is who/what the sentence is about. The predicate is everything else.", "answer": "Subject: The old oak tree. Predicate: swayed gently in the wind.", "question": "Identify the subject and predicate in: \\"The old oak tree swayed gently in the wind.\\""}, {"hint": "Use commas to separate items in a list.", "answer": "\\"I need eggs, milk, bread, and butter from the store.\\"", "question": "Add commas where needed: \\"I need eggs milk bread and butter from the store.\\""}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
357	119	Tone and Voice	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.529913	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of understanding grammar and sentence structure to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in understanding grammar and sentence structure through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Tone and Voice, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Understanding grammar and sentence structure	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
359	120	Persuasive Techniques	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.532229	Read and comprehend a grade-level speech.\nApply the skill of analyzing rhetorical strategies to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in analyzing rhetorical strategies through close reading of a speech. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy	speech	Fellow citizens, I stand before you not as someone who has all the answers, but as someone who believes profoundly in your capacity to seek them.\n\nWe are told that democracy is a gift. I respectfully disagree. Democracy is not a gift—it is a responsibility. A gift sits on a shelf. A responsibility demands that you rise from your chair and act. The ballot box does not fill itself. The town meeting does not convene without voices willing to speak. The free press does not survive without readers willing to think.\n\nConsider for a moment the generations who came before us. They did not merely inherit this system of self-governance. They built it, brick by brick, through sacrifice, argument, and compromise. They debated in crowded halls. They marched on dusty roads. They wrote letters by candlelight. They did not always agree, but they understood a truth that we sometimes forget: disagreement, handled with respect, is not a threat to democracy. It is the engine of democracy.\n\nToday, we face a different challenge. It is not the absence of information—it is the flood of it. We carry more knowledge in our pockets than previous generations could access in a lifetime. And yet, knowledge alone does not make a citizen. What makes a citizen is the willingness to engage—to listen to those who see the world differently, to weigh evidence carefully, and to place the common good alongside personal interest.\n\nI am not asking you to agree with me. I am asking you to participate. Read beyond the headline. Attend a local meeting. Talk to your neighbor—not to persuade, but to understand. Cast your vote not as an expression of anger, but as an act of hope.\n\nThe strength of this republic has never rested in its leaders. It rests, as it always has, in its people. In you.\n\nSo I ask: What kind of citizen will you be? Not tomorrow. Not someday. Today.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Analyzing rhetorical strategies	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
337	113	Variables and Expressions	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.509753	Understand the concepts and methods of Variables and Expressions.\nSolve problems involving Variables and Expressions accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Variables and Expressions to real-world situations.	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "One-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 6x = 30. Divide both sides by 6.", "solution": "x = 5"}, {"title": "Two-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 6x + 1 = 31. Step 1: Subtract 1 from both sides → 6x = 30. Step 2: Divide by 6.", "solution": "x = 5"}]	[{"hint": "Subtract 7 from both sides, then divide by 3.", "answer": "x = 5", "question": "Solve: 3x + 7 = 22"}, {"hint": "Combine like terms (the x terms).", "answer": "6x − 3", "question": "Simplify: 4x + 2x − 3"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Variables and Expressions	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	To solve ax + b = c: subtract b, then divide by a	[{"step": "Solve: 5x + 7 = 42", "work": "Step 1: Subtract 7: 5x = 35. Step 2: Divide by 5: x = 7. Check: 5(7)+7=42 ✓", "answer": "x = 7"}]	[{"mistake": "Performing an operation on only one side of the equation", "correction": "Always apply the same operation to BOTH sides to maintain balance."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Variables and Expressions helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
338	113	Order of Operations	\N	2	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.510598	Understand the concepts and methods of Order of Operations.\nSolve problems involving Order of Operations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Order of Operations to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Order of Operations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Simplifying a Ratio", "content": "Simplify 12:8. The GCF of 12 and 8 is 4. Divide both by 4: 12:8 = 3:2.", "solution": "12:8 = 3:2"}, {"title": "Solving a Proportion", "content": "Solve: x/5 = 12/20. Cross multiply: 20x = 60. Divide: x = 3.", "solution": "x = 3"}]	[{"hint": "Find the GCF and divide both by it.", "answer": "3:2", "question": "Simplify the ratio 18:12."}, {"hint": "Set up a proportion: 4/6 = 10/x, then cross-multiply.", "answer": "$15", "question": "If 4 notebooks cost $6, how much do 10 notebooks cost?"}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Order of Operations	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Order of Operations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Order of Operations", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Order of Operations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	f
340	114	Solving Linear Equations	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.512773	Understand the concepts and methods of Solving Linear Equations.\nSolve problems involving Solving Linear Equations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Solving Linear Equations to real-world situations.	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "One-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 8x = 40. Divide both sides by 8.", "solution": "x = 5"}, {"title": "Two-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 8x + 9 = 49. Step 1: Subtract 9 from both sides → 8x = 40. Step 2: Divide by 8.", "solution": "x = 5"}]	[{"hint": "Subtract 7 from both sides, then divide by 3.", "answer": "x = 5", "question": "Solve: 3x + 7 = 22"}, {"hint": "Combine like terms (the x terms).", "answer": "6x − 3", "question": "Simplify: 4x + 2x − 3"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Solving Linear Equations	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	To solve ax + b = c: subtract b, then divide by a	[{"step": "Solve: 8x + 2 = 34", "work": "Step 1: Subtract 2: 8x = 32. Step 2: Divide by 8: x = 4. Check: 8(4)+2=34 ✓", "answer": "x = 4"}]	[{"mistake": "Performing an operation on only one side of the equation", "correction": "Always apply the same operation to BOTH sides to maintain balance."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Solving Linear Equations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
341	114	Graphing Linear Inequalities	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.513697	Understand the concepts and methods of Graphing Linear Inequalities.\nSolve problems involving Graphing Linear Inequalities accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Graphing Linear Inequalities to real-world situations.	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Graphing Linear Inequalities	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b | Slope: m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)	[{"step": "Find slope between (1,3) and (4,9)", "work": "m=(9-3)/(4-1)=6/3=2", "answer": "m=2"}]	[{"mistake": "Swapping x and y values in the slope formula", "correction": "Slope = rise/run = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁). Keep the order consistent."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Graphing Linear Inequalities helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
343	115	Adding and Subtracting Polynomials	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.515696	Understand the concepts and methods of Adding and Subtracting Polynomials.\nSolve problems involving Adding and Subtracting Polynomials accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Adding and Subtracting Polynomials to real-world situations.	Addition combines quantities to find a total. Addition properties include commutative (a+b=b+a), associative ((a+b)+c=a+(b+c)), and identity (a+0=a).	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Addition", "content": "Add 90 + 50. Start in the ones place: 0 + 0 = 0. Write 0. Continue to the tens place.", "solution": "90 + 50 = 140"}, {"title": "Word Problem", "content": "A library has 660 fiction books and 256 nonfiction books. How many books does the library have in total? Identify the operation: we are combining two quantities, so we add.", "solution": "660 + 256 = 916 books"}]	[{"hint": "Start with the ones place. Regroup if the sum exceeds 9.", "answer": "144", "question": "Calculate: 53 + 91"}, {"hint": "Identify the two quantities and add them.", "answer": "605 items", "question": "A store sold 443 items on Monday and 162 items on Tuesday. How many items were sold in total?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Adding and Subtracting Polynomials	Addition combines quantities to find a total. Addition properties include commutative (a+b=b+a), associative ((a+b)+c=a+(b+c)), and identity (a+0=a).	\N	[{"step": "Add 128 + 130", "work": "Line up by place value. Add ones, then tens.  128+130=258", "answer": "258"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to regroup (carry) when a column sums to 10 or more", "correction": "Always check if each column total is 10+. If so, write the ones digit and carry the tens digit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Adding and Subtracting Polynomials helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
344	115	Multiplying Polynomials	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.516585	Understand the concepts and methods of Multiplying Polynomials.\nSolve problems involving Multiplying Polynomials accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Multiplying Polynomials to real-world situations.	Multiplication is repeated addition. For multi-digit: multiply each digit, shift rows, add partial products. Distributive property: a(b+c) = ab+ac.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Multiplication", "content": "Calculate 9 × 11. This means 9 groups of 11, or 11 added 9 times.", "solution": "9 × 11 = 99"}, {"title": "Distributive Property", "content": "Calculate 19 × 2 using the distributive property. Break 19 into 10 + 9: (10 × 2) + (9 × 2) = 20 + 18.", "solution": "19 × 2 = 38"}]	[{"hint": "Multiply using your times tables or repeated addition.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 6 × 12"}, {"hint": "Multiply rows by desks per row.", "answer": null, "question": "A classroom has 6 rows of desks with 6 desks in each row. How many desks total?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Multiplying Polynomials	Multiplication is repeated addition. For multi-digit: multiply each digit, shift rows, add partial products. Distributive property: a(b+c) = ab+ac.	a × b = product	[{"step": "Calculate 42 × 20", "work": "42 groups of 20: 42×20=840", "answer": "840"}]	[{"mistake": "Not aligning partial products correctly in multi-digit multiplication", "correction": "Each new row shifts one place left. Then add all rows."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Multiplying Polynomials helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
346	116	Graphing Quadratics	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.518579	Understand the concepts and methods of Graphing Quadratics.\nSolve problems involving Graphing Quadratics accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Graphing Quadratics to real-world situations.	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Graphing Quadratics	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	Quadratic formula: x = (-b ± √(b²-4ac)) / 2a	[{"step": "Solve x²-5x+6=0", "work": "Factor: (x-2)(x-3)=0. Set each factor=0.", "answer": "x=2 or x=3"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to set the equation equal to zero before factoring", "correction": "Always rearrange to standard form ax²+bx+c=0 first."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Graphing Quadratics helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
347	116	Quadratic Formula	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.51955	Understand the concepts and methods of Quadratic Formula.\nSolve problems involving Quadratic Formula accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Quadratic Formula to real-world situations.	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Factoring", "content": "Solve x² − 7x + 12 = 0. Find two numbers that multiply to 12 and add to −7: −3 and −4. Factor: (x − 3)(x − 4) = 0.", "solution": "x = 3 or x = 4"}, {"title": "Quadratic Formula", "content": "Solve 2x² + 3x − 2 = 0. a=2, b=3, c=−2. Discriminant = 9 + 16 = 25. x = (−3 ± 5)/4.", "solution": "x = 1/2 or x = −2"}]	[{"hint": "Find two numbers that multiply to 20 and add to −9.", "answer": "x = 4 or x = 5", "question": "Factor and solve: x² − 9x + 20 = 0"}, {"hint": "a=1, b=2, c=−8. Plug into the formula.", "answer": "x = 2 or x = −4", "question": "Use the quadratic formula to solve: x² + 2x − 8 = 0"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Quadratic Formula	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	Quadratic formula: x = (-b ± √(b²-4ac)) / 2a	[{"step": "Solve x²-5x+6=0", "work": "Factor: (x-2)(x-3)=0. Set each factor=0.", "answer": "x=2 or x=3"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to set the equation equal to zero before factoring", "correction": "Always rearrange to standard form ax²+bx+c=0 first."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Quadratic Formula helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
348	116	Applications of Quadratics	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.520445	Understand the concepts and methods of Applications of Quadratics.\nSolve problems involving Applications of Quadratics accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Applications of Quadratics to real-world situations.	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Factoring", "content": "Solve x² − 7x + 12 = 0. Find two numbers that multiply to 12 and add to −7: −3 and −4. Factor: (x − 3)(x − 4) = 0.", "solution": "x = 3 or x = 4"}, {"title": "Quadratic Formula", "content": "Solve 2x² + 3x − 2 = 0. a=2, b=3, c=−2. Discriminant = 9 + 16 = 25. x = (−3 ± 5)/4.", "solution": "x = 1/2 or x = −2"}]	[{"hint": "Find two numbers that multiply to 20 and add to −9.", "answer": "x = 4 or x = 5", "question": "Factor and solve: x² − 9x + 20 = 0"}, {"hint": "a=1, b=2, c=−8. Plug into the formula.", "answer": "x = 2 or x = −4", "question": "Use the quadratic formula to solve: x² + 2x − 8 = 0"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Applications of Quadratics	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	Quadratic formula: x = (-b ± √(b²-4ac)) / 2a	[{"step": "Solve x²-5x+6=0", "work": "Factor: (x-2)(x-3)=0. Set each factor=0.", "answer": "x=2 or x=3"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to set the equation equal to zero before factoring", "correction": "Always rearrange to standard form ax²+bx+c=0 first."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Applications of Quadratics helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
362	121	Cell Division	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.535661	Explain the key scientific concepts of Cell Division.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Cell Division to real-world applications.	All living things are made of cells. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells (plants, animals) have a nucleus containing DNA. Key organelles: nucleus (control center), mitochondria (energy), ribosomes (proteins), cell membrane (boundary).	\N	[{"title": "Animal vs. Plant Cell", "content": "Both have: nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, ribosomes. Only plant cells have: cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole.", "solution": "Plant cells have structures for photosynthesis and structural support that animal cells lack."}]	[{"hint": "Think about energy production.", "answer": "Mitochondria produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.", "question": "What is the function of the mitochondria?"}, {"hint": "Think about structures unique to plant cells.", "answer": "Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.", "question": "Name two differences between plant and animal cells."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Cell Division	All living things are made of cells. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells (plants, animals) have a nucleus containing DNA. Key organelles: nucleus (control center), mitochondria (energy), ribosomes (proteins), cell membrane (boundary).	\N	\N	\N	["microscope (optional)", "prepared slides or diagrams", "colored pencils", "paper"]	\N	[{"step": "Draw and label an animal cell and a plant cell.", "detail": "Include: nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes. For plant cells, add: cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole."}]	["What structures do plant and animal cells share?", "What structures are unique to plant cells?", "Why do plant cells need chloroplasts but animal cells do not?"]	Explain the relationship between cell structure and function. Why does each organelle matter?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding cells is the foundation of medicine, genetics, and biotechnology.	t
364	122	Mendel and Heredity	\N	1	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.53816	Explain the key scientific concepts of Mendel and Heredity.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Mendel and Heredity to real-world applications.	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	[{"title": "Punnett Square", "content": "Cross Bb × Bb (both parents carry one dominant and one recessive allele). Results: BB (25%), Bb (50%), bb (25%). So 75% show the dominant trait and 25% show the recessive trait.", "solution": "3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes."}]	[{"hint": "Set up a Punnett square with Bb × Bb.", "answer": "25% (bb)", "question": "If both parents have the genotype Bb for eye color (B = brown, b = blue), what percentage of offspring could have blue eyes?"}, {"hint": "Think about which individuals survive and reproduce more successfully.", "answer": "Organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce more, passing those traits to offspring. Over generations, the population becomes better adapted.", "question": "Explain how natural selection leads to adaptation over time."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Mendel and Heredity	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Genetics informs medicine (genetic testing, gene therapy), agriculture (crop improvement), and forensics (DNA evidence).	f
366	122	Genetic Mutations	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.540412	Explain the key scientific concepts of Genetic Mutations.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Genetic Mutations to real-world applications.	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	[{"title": "Punnett Square", "content": "Cross Bb × Bb (both parents carry one dominant and one recessive allele). Results: BB (25%), Bb (50%), bb (25%). So 75% show the dominant trait and 25% show the recessive trait.", "solution": "3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes."}]	[{"hint": "Set up a Punnett square with Bb × Bb.", "answer": "25% (bb)", "question": "If both parents have the genotype Bb for eye color (B = brown, b = blue), what percentage of offspring could have blue eyes?"}, {"hint": "Think about which individuals survive and reproduce more successfully.", "answer": "Organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce more, passing those traits to offspring. Over generations, the population becomes better adapted.", "question": "Explain how natural selection leads to adaptation over time."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Genetic Mutations	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Genetics informs medicine (genetic testing, gene therapy), agriculture (crop improvement), and forensics (DNA evidence).	t
368	123	Natural Selection	\N	2	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.542707	Explain the key scientific concepts of Natural Selection.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Natural Selection to real-world applications.	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	[{"title": "Punnett Square", "content": "Cross Bb × Bb (both parents carry one dominant and one recessive allele). Results: BB (25%), Bb (50%), bb (25%). So 75% show the dominant trait and 25% show the recessive trait.", "solution": "3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes."}]	[{"hint": "Set up a Punnett square with Bb × Bb.", "answer": "25% (bb)", "question": "If both parents have the genotype Bb for eye color (B = brown, b = blue), what percentage of offspring could have blue eyes?"}, {"hint": "Think about which individuals survive and reproduce more successfully.", "answer": "Organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce more, passing those traits to offspring. Over generations, the population becomes better adapted.", "question": "Explain how natural selection leads to adaptation over time."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Natural Selection	DNA stores genetic instructions in a double helix. Genes are DNA segments coding for traits. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive require two. Natural selection: organisms with favorable traits reproduce more, driving evolution over generations.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Genetics informs medicine (genetic testing, gene therapy), agriculture (crop improvement), and forensics (DNA evidence).	f
370	124	Ecosystems and Biomes	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology	Khan Academy: Biology	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.545036	Explain the key scientific concepts of Ecosystems and Biomes.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Ecosystems and Biomes to real-world applications.	An ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in an area. Energy flows: producers → primary consumers → secondary consumers → decomposers. Only ~10% of energy transfers between trophic levels. Biomes are large ecosystems defined by climate.	\N	[{"title": "Food Chain Example", "content": "Grass (producer) → Grasshopper (primary consumer) → Frog (secondary consumer) → Snake (tertiary consumer) → Hawk (top predator). Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead organisms at every level.", "solution": "Energy flows from producers to consumers, with only ~10% transferred at each step."}]	[{"hint": "Start with a plant (producer) and build up.", "answer": null, "question": "Create a food chain with at least four organisms. Label each as producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, or top predator."}, {"hint": "Think about what decomposers do with dead material and nutrients.", "answer": "Dead material would pile up and nutrients would not be recycled back into the soil, eventually starving producers.", "question": "What would happen to an ecosystem if all decomposers disappeared?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Ecosystems and Biomes	An ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in an area. Energy flows: producers → primary consumers → secondary consumers → decomposers. Only ~10% of energy transfers between trophic levels. Biomes are large ecosystems defined by climate.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Ecologists study ecosystems to protect biodiversity, manage resources, and address environmental challenges.	t
373	125	Early Civilizations	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history	Khan Academy: World History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.548177	Explain key concepts related to Early Civilizations.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Early Civilizations. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Early Civilizations."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Early Civilizations	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Early Civilizations. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Early Civilizations. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Early Civilizations develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
375	125	Rise of Religions	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.549922	Explain key concepts related to Rise of Religions.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Rise of Religions. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Rise of Religions, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Rise of Religions and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Rise of Religions connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Rise of Religions	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Rise of Religions. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Rise of Religions. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Rise of Religions develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
376	126	Byzantine Empire	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history	Khan Academy: World History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.551094	Explain key concepts related to Byzantine Empire.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Byzantine Empire. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Byzantine Empire, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Byzantine Empire and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Byzantine Empire connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Byzantine Empire	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Byzantine Empire. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Byzantine Empire. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Byzantine Empire develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
378	126	Renaissance	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.552908	Explain key concepts related to Renaissance.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Renaissance. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Renaissance, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Renaissance and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Renaissance connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Renaissance	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Renaissance. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Renaissance. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Renaissance develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
382	128	World War I	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history	Khan Academy: World History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.557967	Explain key concepts related to World War I.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to World War I."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	World War I	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
384	128	Cold War	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.559607	Explain key concepts related to Cold War.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Cold War."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 9	High School	\N	\N	f	Cold War	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
398	133	Medieval and Renaissance Works	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.57461	Read and comprehend a grade-level speech.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a speech. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Medieval and Renaissance Works, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy	speech	Fellow citizens, I stand before you not as someone who has all the answers, but as someone who believes profoundly in your capacity to seek them.\n\nWe are told that democracy is a gift. I respectfully disagree. Democracy is not a gift—it is a responsibility. A gift sits on a shelf. A responsibility demands that you rise from your chair and act. The ballot box does not fill itself. The town meeting does not convene without voices willing to speak. The free press does not survive without readers willing to think.\n\nConsider for a moment the generations who came before us. They did not merely inherit this system of self-governance. They built it, brick by brick, through sacrifice, argument, and compromise. They debated in crowded halls. They marched on dusty roads. They wrote letters by candlelight. They did not always agree, but they understood a truth that we sometimes forget: disagreement, handled with respect, is not a threat to democracy. It is the engine of democracy.\n\nToday, we face a different challenge. It is not the absence of information—it is the flood of it. We carry more knowledge in our pockets than previous generations could access in a lifetime. And yet, knowledge alone does not make a citizen. What makes a citizen is the willingness to engage—to listen to those who see the world differently, to weigh evidence carefully, and to place the common good alongside personal interest.\n\nI am not asking you to agree with me. I am asking you to participate. Read beyond the headline. Attend a local meeting. Talk to your neighbor—not to persuade, but to understand. Cast your vote not as an expression of anger, but as an act of hope.\n\nThe strength of this republic has never rested in its leaders. It rests, as it always has, in its people. In you.\n\nSo I ask: What kind of citizen will you be? Not tomorrow. Not someday. Today.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
399	133	Modern World Literature	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.575533	Read and comprehend a grade-level speech.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a speech. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Theme", "content": "In a story where a shy student finds courage to speak up against bullying, the theme might be: \\"Standing up for what is right requires courage, but it inspires others to do the same.\\"", "solution": "Theme = a message about life, not just a topic word."}, {"title": "Analyzing Characterization", "content": "The author writes: \\"Jake straightened his shoulders, took a deep breath, and walked into the room full of strangers.\\" This shows Jake is nervous but determined — revealed through his actions.", "solution": "Indirect characterization through actions."}]	[{"hint": "Consider: what do they say? What do they do? What do others say about them?", "answer": null, "question": "Choose a character from your current reading. Describe how the author reveals their personality using at least two methods of characterization."}, {"hint": "Look for comparisons or objects that seem to represent something larger.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one example of figurative language (simile, metaphor, or symbolism) in your reading and explain what it means."}]	Khan Academy	On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy	speech	Fellow citizens, I stand before you not as someone who has all the answers, but as someone who believes profoundly in your capacity to seek them.\n\nWe are told that democracy is a gift. I respectfully disagree. Democracy is not a gift—it is a responsibility. A gift sits on a shelf. A responsibility demands that you rise from your chair and act. The ballot box does not fill itself. The town meeting does not convene without voices willing to speak. The free press does not survive without readers willing to think.\n\nConsider for a moment the generations who came before us. They did not merely inherit this system of self-governance. They built it, brick by brick, through sacrifice, argument, and compromise. They debated in crowded halls. They marched on dusty roads. They wrote letters by candlelight. They did not always agree, but they understood a truth that we sometimes forget: disagreement, handled with respect, is not a threat to democracy. It is the engine of democracy.\n\nToday, we face a different challenge. It is not the absence of information—it is the flood of it. We carry more knowledge in our pockets than previous generations could access in a lifetime. And yet, knowledge alone does not make a citizen. What makes a citizen is the willingness to engage—to listen to those who see the world differently, to weigh evidence carefully, and to place the common good alongside personal interest.\n\nI am not asking you to agree with me. I am asking you to participate. Read beyond the headline. Attend a local meeting. Talk to your neighbor—not to persuade, but to understand. Cast your vote not as an expression of anger, but as an act of hope.\n\nThe strength of this republic has never rested in its leaders. It rests, as it always has, in its people. In you.\n\nSo I ask: What kind of citizen will you be? Not tomorrow. Not someday. Today.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
401	134	Argumentative Essays	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.577645	Read and comprehend a grade-level speech.\nApply the skill of analyzing rhetorical strategies to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in analyzing rhetorical strategies through close reading of a speech. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy	speech	Fellow citizens, I stand before you not as someone who has all the answers, but as someone who believes profoundly in your capacity to seek them.\n\nWe are told that democracy is a gift. I respectfully disagree. Democracy is not a gift—it is a responsibility. A gift sits on a shelf. A responsibility demands that you rise from your chair and act. The ballot box does not fill itself. The town meeting does not convene without voices willing to speak. The free press does not survive without readers willing to think.\n\nConsider for a moment the generations who came before us. They did not merely inherit this system of self-governance. They built it, brick by brick, through sacrifice, argument, and compromise. They debated in crowded halls. They marched on dusty roads. They wrote letters by candlelight. They did not always agree, but they understood a truth that we sometimes forget: disagreement, handled with respect, is not a threat to democracy. It is the engine of democracy.\n\nToday, we face a different challenge. It is not the absence of information—it is the flood of it. We carry more knowledge in our pockets than previous generations could access in a lifetime. And yet, knowledge alone does not make a citizen. What makes a citizen is the willingness to engage—to listen to those who see the world differently, to weigh evidence carefully, and to place the common good alongside personal interest.\n\nI am not asking you to agree with me. I am asking you to participate. Read beyond the headline. Attend a local meeting. Talk to your neighbor—not to persuade, but to understand. Cast your vote not as an expression of anger, but as an act of hope.\n\nThe strength of this republic has never rested in its leaders. It rests, as it always has, in its people. In you.\n\nSo I ask: What kind of citizen will you be? Not tomorrow. Not someday. Today.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Analyzing rhetorical strategies	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
403	135	Literary Theory	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.579765	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Identifying Theme", "content": "In a story where a shy student finds courage to speak up against bullying, the theme might be: \\"Standing up for what is right requires courage, but it inspires others to do the same.\\"", "solution": "Theme = a message about life, not just a topic word."}, {"title": "Analyzing Characterization", "content": "The author writes: \\"Jake straightened his shoulders, took a deep breath, and walked into the room full of strangers.\\" This shows Jake is nervous but determined — revealed through his actions.", "solution": "Indirect characterization through actions."}]	[{"hint": "Consider: what do they say? What do they do? What do others say about them?", "answer": null, "question": "Choose a character from your current reading. Describe how the author reveals their personality using at least two methods of characterization."}, {"hint": "Look for comparisons or objects that seem to represent something larger.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one example of figurative language (simile, metaphor, or symbolism) in your reading and explain what it means."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
405	135	Media Literacy	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.581522	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Media Literacy, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
407	136	Poetry Composition	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.58348	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of developing writing skills to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in developing writing skills through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Developing writing skills	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
493	165	Anglo-Saxon and Medieval	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.674679	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Anglo-Saxon and Medieval, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 12	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
386	129	Angles and Angle Relationships	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry	Khan Academy: Geometry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.562169	Understand the concepts and methods of Angles and Angle Relationships.\nSolve problems involving Angles and Angle Relationships accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Angles and Angle Relationships to real-world situations.	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Area of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the area of a rectangle with length 6 cm and width 7 cm. Area = length × width.", "solution": "A = 6 × 7 = 42 cm²"}, {"title": "Perimeter of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the perimeter of the same rectangle. P = 2(length + width).", "solution": "P = 2(6 + 7) = 2(13) = 26 cm"}]	[{"hint": "A = ½ × base × height.", "answer": null, "question": "Find the area of a triangle with base 8 and height 4."}, {"hint": "C = 2πr.", "answer": "43.96", "question": "Find the circumference of a circle with radius 7. Use π ≈ 3.14."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Angles and Angle Relationships	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	Area of rectangle = l × w | Area of triangle = ½ × b × h | Circumference = 2πr	[{"step": "Find area: rectangle 6×8", "work": "A = length × width = 6 × 8", "answer": "48 square units"}]	[{"mistake": "Confusing area (square units) with perimeter (linear units)", "correction": "Area = inside space (multiply). Perimeter = outside distance (add all sides)."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Angles and Angle Relationships helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
387	129	Parallel Lines	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.563007	Understand the concepts and methods of Parallel Lines.\nSolve problems involving Parallel Lines accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Parallel Lines to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Parallel Lines. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Parallel Lines. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Parallel Lines using the methods from this lesson."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Parallel Lines	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Parallel Lines. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Parallel Lines", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Parallel Lines helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	f
391	131	Circle Properties	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry	Khan Academy: Geometry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.567285	Understand the concepts and methods of Circle Properties.\nSolve problems involving Circle Properties accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Circle Properties to real-world situations.	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Area of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the area of a rectangle with length 10 cm and width 4 cm. Area = length × width.", "solution": "A = 10 × 4 = 40 cm²"}, {"title": "Perimeter of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the perimeter of the same rectangle. P = 2(length + width).", "solution": "P = 2(10 + 4) = 2(14) = 28 cm"}]	[{"hint": "A = ½ × base × height.", "answer": null, "question": "Find the area of a triangle with base 7 and height 6."}, {"hint": "C = 2πr.", "answer": "43.96", "question": "Find the circumference of a circle with radius 7. Use π ≈ 3.14."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Circle Properties	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	Area of rectangle = l × w | Area of triangle = ½ × b × h | Circumference = 2πr	[{"step": "Find area: rectangle 14×10", "work": "A = length × width = 14 × 10", "answer": "140 square units"}]	[{"mistake": "Confusing area (square units) with perimeter (linear units)", "correction": "Area = inside space (multiply). Perimeter = outside distance (add all sides)."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Circle Properties helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
395	132	Volume of Solids	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry	Khan Academy: Geometry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.571171	Understand the concepts and methods of Volume of Solids.\nSolve problems involving Volume of Solids accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Volume of Solids to real-world situations.	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Area of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the area of a rectangle with length 10 cm and width 4 cm. Area = length × width.", "solution": "A = 10 × 4 = 40 cm²"}, {"title": "Perimeter of a Rectangle", "content": "Find the perimeter of the same rectangle. P = 2(length + width).", "solution": "P = 2(10 + 4) = 2(14) = 28 cm"}]	[{"hint": "A = ½ × base × height.", "answer": null, "question": "Find the area of a triangle with base 14 and height 10."}, {"hint": "C = 2πr.", "answer": "43.96", "question": "Find the circumference of a circle with radius 7. Use π ≈ 3.14."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Volume of Solids	Geometry studies shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships. Area measures space inside a 2D shape. Volume measures space inside a 3D shape.	Area of rectangle = l × w | Area of triangle = ½ × b × h | Circumference = 2πr	[{"step": "Find area: rectangle 9×8", "work": "A = length × width = 9 × 8", "answer": "72 square units"}]	[{"mistake": "Confusing area (square units) with perimeter (linear units)", "correction": "Area = inside space (multiply). Perimeter = outside distance (add all sides)."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Volume of Solids helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
396	132	Geometric Transformations	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.572175	Understand the concepts and methods of Geometric Transformations.\nSolve problems involving Geometric Transformations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Geometric Transformations to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Geometric Transformations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Geometric Transformations. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Geometric Transformations using the methods from this lesson."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Geometric Transformations	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Geometric Transformations. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Geometric Transformations", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Geometric Transformations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	f
410	137	Periodic Table	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry	Khan Academy: Chemistry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.586884	Explain the key scientific concepts of Periodic Table.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Periodic Table to real-world applications.	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	[{"title": "Balancing an Equation", "content": "Unbalanced: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O. Count atoms: 2H and 2O on left, 2H and 1O on right. Balanced: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.", "solution": "2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (4H and 2O on each side)"}]	[{"hint": "Think about how many types of atoms are involved.", "answer": "An element is one type of atom; a compound is two or more elements bonded together.", "question": "What is the difference between an element and a compound?"}, {"hint": "Na is a metal, Cl is a nonmetal.", "answer": "Ionic — metals and nonmetals form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.", "question": "Is NaCl (table salt) an ionic or covalent compound?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Periodic Table	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	\N	\N	["baking soda", "vinegar", "balloon", "empty bottle", "safety goggles"]	Wear safety goggles. Do not taste chemicals. Work in a ventilated area.	[{"step": "Put 2 tablespoons of baking soda into a balloon. Pour vinegar into a bottle. Stretch the balloon over the bottle opening and lift to drop the baking soda in.", "detail": "Observe the balloon inflating. The reaction: NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CO₂ + H₂O + NaCH₃COO."}]	["What gas inflated the balloon?", "Was this a chemical or physical change? How do you know?", "What evidence of a chemical reaction did you observe?"]	Explain what happened using the law of conservation of mass. Were atoms created or destroyed?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Chemical reactions power everything from baking bread to rocket engines to batteries.	t
412	138	Ionic Bonds	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry	Khan Academy: Chemistry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.589331	Explain the key scientific concepts of Ionic Bonds.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Ionic Bonds to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Ionic Bonds. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Balancing an Equation", "content": "Unbalanced: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O. Count atoms: 2H and 2O on left, 2H and 1O on right. Balanced: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.", "solution": "2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (4H and 2O on each side)"}]	[{"hint": "Think about how many types of atoms are involved.", "answer": "An element is one type of atom; a compound is two or more elements bonded together.", "question": "What is the difference between an element and a compound?"}, {"hint": "Na is a metal, Cl is a nonmetal.", "answer": "Ionic — metals and nonmetals form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.", "question": "Is NaCl (table salt) an ionic or covalent compound?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Ionic Bonds	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Ionic Bonds. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Ionic Bonds connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	t
414	138	Metallic Bonds	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry	Khan Academy: Chemistry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.591119	Explain the key scientific concepts of Metallic Bonds.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Metallic Bonds to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Metallic Bonds. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Balancing an Equation", "content": "Unbalanced: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O. Count atoms: 2H and 2O on left, 2H and 1O on right. Balanced: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.", "solution": "2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (4H and 2O on each side)"}]	[{"hint": "Think about how many types of atoms are involved.", "answer": "An element is one type of atom; a compound is two or more elements bonded together.", "question": "What is the difference between an element and a compound?"}, {"hint": "Na is a metal, Cl is a nonmetal.", "answer": "Ionic — metals and nonmetals form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.", "question": "Is NaCl (table salt) an ionic or covalent compound?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Metallic Bonds	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Metallic Bonds. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Metallic Bonds connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	t
416	139	Types of Reactions	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry	Khan Academy: Chemistry	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.593321	Explain the key scientific concepts of Types of Reactions.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Types of Reactions to real-world applications.	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	[{"title": "Balancing an Equation", "content": "Unbalanced: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O. Count atoms: 2H and 2O on left, 2H and 1O on right. Balanced: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.", "solution": "2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (4H and 2O on each side)"}]	[{"hint": "Think about how many types of atoms are involved.", "answer": "An element is one type of atom; a compound is two or more elements bonded together.", "question": "What is the difference between an element and a compound?"}, {"hint": "Na is a metal, Cl is a nonmetal.", "answer": "Ionic — metals and nonmetals form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.", "question": "Is NaCl (table salt) an ionic or covalent compound?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Types of Reactions	All matter is made of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons). Elements are pure substances of one atom type. The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number. Compounds form when elements bond: ionic (transfer electrons) or covalent (share electrons). Chemical equations must be balanced.	\N	\N	\N	["baking soda", "vinegar", "balloon", "empty bottle", "safety goggles"]	Wear safety goggles. Do not taste chemicals. Work in a ventilated area.	[{"step": "Put 2 tablespoons of baking soda into a balloon. Pour vinegar into a bottle. Stretch the balloon over the bottle opening and lift to drop the baking soda in.", "detail": "Observe the balloon inflating. The reaction: NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CO₂ + H₂O + NaCH₃COO."}]	["What gas inflated the balloon?", "Was this a chemical or physical change? How do you know?", "What evidence of a chemical reaction did you observe?"]	Explain what happened using the law of conservation of mass. Were atoms created or destroyed?	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Chemical reactions power everything from baking bread to rocket engines to batteries.	t
417	139	Stoichiometry	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.59422	Explain the key scientific concepts of Stoichiometry.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Stoichiometry to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Stoichiometry. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Stoichiometry. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Stoichiometry	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Stoichiometry. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Stoichiometry connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
418	140	Solutions and Solubility	\N	1	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.595379	Explain the key scientific concepts of Solutions and Solubility.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Solutions and Solubility to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Solutions and Solubility. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Solutions and Solubility. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Solutions and Solubility	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Solutions and Solubility. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Solutions and Solubility connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
421	141	Colonial Society	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.598739	Explain key concepts related to Colonial Society.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Colonial Society."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Colonial Society	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
422	141	American Revolution	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.600155	Explain key concepts related to American Revolution.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to American Revolution."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	American Revolution	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
426	142	Manifest Destiny	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.604237	Explain key concepts related to Manifest Destiny.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Manifest Destiny. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Manifest Destiny, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Manifest Destiny and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Manifest Destiny connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Manifest Destiny	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Manifest Destiny. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Manifest Destiny. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Manifest Destiny develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
428	143	Civil War	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.606475	Explain key concepts related to Civil War.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to Civil War."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Civil War	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
430	144	World Wars	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history	Khan Academy: World History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.608712	Explain key concepts related to World Wars.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	[{"title": "Cause and Effect", "content": "Cause: British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act (1765), taxing printed materials in the colonies. Effect: Colonists protested (\\"No taxation without representation\\"), eventually leading to the American Revolution.", "solution": "Historical events have interconnected causes and effects."}]	[{"hint": "Think about what led to the event and what changed because of it.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify two causes and two effects of a major conflict related to World Wars."}, {"hint": "Different groups may have experienced events differently.", "answer": "Different groups had different motivations, experiences, and outcomes. Understanding multiple perspectives gives a more complete picture.", "question": "Why is it important to examine multiple perspectives when studying historical conflicts?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	World Wars	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Major conflicts have shaped American history. The American Revolution (1775-1783) established independence from Britain. The Civil War (1861-1865) ended slavery and preserved the Union. World Wars I and II reshaped global politics. Each conflict had complex causes, key turning points, and lasting consequences.	\N	\N	Studying conflicts helps us understand how nations form, how rights are won, and how to work toward peace.	t
432	144	Contemporary Issues	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.610666	Explain key concepts related to Contemporary Issues.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Contemporary Issues. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Contemporary Issues, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Contemporary Issues and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Contemporary Issues connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 10	High School	\N	\N	f	Contemporary Issues	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Contemporary Issues. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Contemporary Issues. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Contemporary Issues develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
449	150	Modernism	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.628588	Read and comprehend a grade-level speech.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a speech. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Modernism, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	On the Duty of Citizens in a Democracy	speech	Fellow citizens, I stand before you not as someone who has all the answers, but as someone who believes profoundly in your capacity to seek them.\n\nWe are told that democracy is a gift. I respectfully disagree. Democracy is not a gift—it is a responsibility. A gift sits on a shelf. A responsibility demands that you rise from your chair and act. The ballot box does not fill itself. The town meeting does not convene without voices willing to speak. The free press does not survive without readers willing to think.\n\nConsider for a moment the generations who came before us. They did not merely inherit this system of self-governance. They built it, brick by brick, through sacrifice, argument, and compromise. They debated in crowded halls. They marched on dusty roads. They wrote letters by candlelight. They did not always agree, but they understood a truth that we sometimes forget: disagreement, handled with respect, is not a threat to democracy. It is the engine of democracy.\n\nToday, we face a different challenge. It is not the absence of information—it is the flood of it. We carry more knowledge in our pockets than previous generations could access in a lifetime. And yet, knowledge alone does not make a citizen. What makes a citizen is the willingness to engage—to listen to those who see the world differently, to weigh evidence carefully, and to place the common good alongside personal interest.\n\nI am not asking you to agree with me. I am asking you to participate. Read beyond the headline. Attend a local meeting. Talk to your neighbor—not to persuade, but to understand. Cast your vote not as an expression of anger, but as an act of hope.\n\nThe strength of this republic has never rested in its leaders. It rests, as it always has, in its people. In you.\n\nSo I ask: What kind of citizen will you be? Not tomorrow. Not someday. Today.	Original passage for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
451	151	College Application Essays	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.630642	Read and comprehend a grade-level literature excerpt.\nApply the skill of understanding essay structure and argument to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in understanding essay structure and argument through close reading of a literature excerpt. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Writing a Thesis Statement", "content": "Topic: school uniforms. Weak thesis: \\"School uniforms are good.\\" Strong thesis: \\"School uniforms reduce peer pressure, decrease morning decision fatigue, and promote a sense of community among students.\\"", "solution": "A strong thesis is specific and lists the main points you will discuss."}, {"title": "Using Transitions", "content": "Without transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. It strengthens muscles.\\" With transition: \\"Exercise improves mood. Additionally, it strengthens muscles.\\"", "solution": "Transitions create smooth connections between ideas."}]	[{"hint": "State your position and include 2-3 reasons you will discuss.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a thesis statement for an essay about the importance of reading."}, {"hint": "Start with your point, support it with facts or examples, then wrap up.", "answer": null, "question": "Write a body paragraph with a topic sentence, two pieces of evidence, and a concluding sentence."}]	Khan Academy	The Promise and Price of Progress	literature_excerpt	Every generation believes it stands at the pinnacle of progress, and every generation is both right and wrong. We are right because we have indeed advanced beyond what came before—our medicine is more effective, our communication faster, our access to knowledge more democratic than at any point in human history. We are wrong because we tend to confuse advancement with arrival, as if progress were a destination rather than a direction.\n\nConsider the automobile. When Henry Ford's assembly line made cars affordable in the early twentieth century, it was celebrated as a triumph of innovation. Families could travel freely. Rural communities gained access to cities. Commerce accelerated. And yet, within decades, the same invention contributed to urban sprawl, air pollution, traffic fatalities, and a dependence on fossil fuels that now threatens the global climate. The car did not stop being an achievement. But it became clear that achievement is never cost-free.\n\nThis pattern repeats throughout history. The printing press democratized knowledge and also enabled propaganda. Antibiotics saved millions of lives and also created resistant bacteria. The internet connected the world and also fractured our attention.\n\nNone of this means we should reject progress. It means we should pursue it with open eyes. The measure of a society is not how quickly it innovates, but how honestly it reckons with the consequences of its innovations.\n\nThe philosopher Hans Jonas wrote that modern technology has introduced "a new dimension of responsibility." Previous generations could act locally and trust that the effects would remain local. We no longer have that luxury. A decision made in one boardroom can alter the atmosphere. A piece of software released in one country can reshape elections in another.\n\nProgress, then, is not a force to be celebrated or feared. It is a force to be governed—carefully, collectively, and with a willingness to ask the hardest question of all: Just because we can, should we?	Original essay for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Understanding essay structure and argument	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
454	152	Reading Comprehension Strategies	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.633786	Read and comprehend a grade-level primary source.\nApply the skill of developing reading comprehension strategies to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in developing reading comprehension strategies through close reading of a primary source. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Finding the Main Idea", "content": "Read this passage: \\"Bees are essential pollinators. They carry pollen from flower to flower, helping plants reproduce. Without bees, many fruits and vegetables would not grow.\\" The main idea is that bees play a vital role in plant reproduction.", "solution": "Main idea: Bees are essential pollinators that help plants reproduce."}, {"title": "Making an Inference", "content": "The passage says: \\"Maria checked her watch again and tapped her foot.\\" What can you infer? Maria is probably waiting for someone or something and feels impatient.", "solution": "Inference: Maria is impatient about waiting."}]	[{"hint": "Ask yourself: What is this paragraph mostly about? What facts support that?", "answer": null, "question": "Read a paragraph from your current text. Identify the main idea in one sentence and list two supporting details."}, {"hint": "Look at the sentences around the unknown word for hints.", "answer": null, "question": "Find a word you do not know in your reading. Use context clues to determine its meaning, then check a dictionary."}]	Khan Academy	Letter from the Western Frontier, 1849	primary_source	April 14, 1849\n\nDear Mother,\n\nI write to you from a place that has no name on any map I have seen. We have been traveling for thirty-seven days since leaving Independence, Missouri, and the country has changed in ways I cannot easily describe. The trees thinned and then disappeared entirely. The grass stretches to the horizon in every direction, rippling in the wind like a green ocean. At night, the sky holds more stars than I believed existed.\n\nOur company consists of twelve wagons and forty-one souls, including seven children. We travel fifteen miles on a good day, fewer when the rains turn the ground to mud. The oxen are patient but slow. I walk beside them most of the day, as the wagon is too crowded and too rough for sitting.\n\nI will not pretend the journey is pleasant. The dust is relentless. Water must be rationed. Mrs. Harlan lost her youngest to fever last week, and the company stopped for half a day while we buried the child on a hillside with no marker but a ring of stones.\n\nAnd yet, there is something in this landscape that I did not expect. A kind of openness that changes the way you think. In St. Louis, I worried about small things—the price of flour, the condition of the roads, whether the neighbors approved of our fence. Out here, those worries seem to belong to someone else. The land asks different questions. Can you build a fire in the wind? Can you find water before dark? Can you keep walking when your legs want to stop?\n\nI do not know what waits for us in California. The stories we hear are wild and contradictory—fortunes made overnight, cities of tents, lawlessness, and opportunity in equal measure. I choose to believe the version that makes the sacrifice worthwhile.\n\nGive my love to Father and the children. I carry your letters in my coat pocket, close to my chest.\n\nYour devoted son,\nWilliam	Original historical fiction letter for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Developing reading comprehension strategies	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
433	145	Polynomial Operations	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.612303	Understand the concepts and methods of Polynomial Operations.\nSolve problems involving Polynomial Operations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Polynomial Operations to real-world situations.	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Simplifying a Ratio", "content": "Simplify 12:8. The GCF of 12 and 8 is 4. Divide both by 4: 12:8 = 3:2.", "solution": "12:8 = 3:2"}, {"title": "Solving a Proportion", "content": "Solve: x/5 = 12/20. Cross multiply: 20x = 60. Divide: x = 3.", "solution": "x = 3"}]	[{"hint": "Find the GCF and divide both by it.", "answer": "3:2", "question": "Simplify the ratio 18:12."}, {"hint": "Set up a proportion: 4/6 = 10/x, then cross-multiply.", "answer": "$15", "question": "If 4 notebooks cost $6, how much do 10 notebooks cost?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Polynomial Operations	A quadratic equation has the form ax²+bx+c=0. Solve by factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. The discriminant b²-4ac tells how many real solutions exist.	Quadratic formula: x = (-b ± √(b²-4ac)) / 2a	[{"step": "Solve x²-5x+6=0", "work": "Factor: (x-2)(x-3)=0. Set each factor=0.", "answer": "x=2 or x=3"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to set the equation equal to zero before factoring", "correction": "Always rearrange to standard form ax²+bx+c=0 first."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Polynomial Operations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
435	145	Polynomial Division	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2	Khan Academy: Algebra 2	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.614105	Understand the concepts and methods of Polynomial Division.\nSolve problems involving Polynomial Division accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Polynomial Division to real-world situations.	Division splits a total into equal groups. Division is the inverse of multiplication. Check: quotient × divisor + remainder = dividend.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Division", "content": "Divide 12 ÷ 2. Ask: how many times does 2 go into 12?", "solution": "12 ÷ 2 = 6"}, {"title": "Division with Remainder", "content": "Divide 13 ÷ 2. 2 goes into the dividend 6 times with a remainder.", "solution": "Quotient: 6, Remainder: check your calculation"}]	[{"hint": "Use long division or think about multiplication facts.", "answer": null, "question": "Calculate: 30 ÷ 9"}, {"hint": "Divide and look at the whole number quotient.", "answer": null, "question": "39 students need to form equal teams of 5. How many full teams can be made?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Polynomial Division	Division splits a total into equal groups. Division is the inverse of multiplication. Check: quotient × divisor + remainder = dividend.	\N	[{"step": "Divide 54 ÷ 3", "work": "How many times does 3 go into 54? 3×18=54", "answer": "18"}]	[{"mistake": "Forgetting to include the remainder", "correction": "If division is not exact, record the remainder: quotient R remainder."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Polynomial Division helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
437	146	Radical Equations	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra	Khan Academy: Algebra	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.6161	Understand the concepts and methods of Radical Equations.\nSolve problems involving Radical Equations accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Radical Equations to real-world situations.	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "One-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 8x = 24. Divide both sides by 8.", "solution": "x = 3"}, {"title": "Two-Step Equation", "content": "Solve: 8x + 1 = 25. Step 1: Subtract 1 from both sides → 8x = 24. Step 2: Divide by 8.", "solution": "x = 3"}]	[{"hint": "Subtract 7 from both sides, then divide by 3.", "answer": "x = 5", "question": "Solve: 3x + 7 = 22"}, {"hint": "Combine like terms (the x terms).", "answer": "6x − 3", "question": "Simplify: 4x + 2x − 3"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Radical Equations	An equation states two expressions are equal. To solve, isolate the variable using inverse operations. Whatever you do to one side, do to the other.	To solve ax + b = c: subtract b, then divide by a	[{"step": "Solve: 8x + 5 = 53", "work": "Step 1: Subtract 5: 8x = 48. Step 2: Divide by 8: x = 6. Check: 8(6)+5=53 ✓", "answer": "x = 6"}]	[{"mistake": "Performing an operation on only one side of the equation", "correction": "Always apply the same operation to BOTH sides to maintain balance."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Radical Equations helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	t
439	147	Exponential Functions	\N	1	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.618115	Understand the concepts and methods of Exponential Functions.\nSolve problems involving Exponential Functions accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Exponential Functions to real-world situations.	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Finding Slope", "content": "Find the slope between (1, 3) and (4, 9). m = (9 − 3)/(4 − 1) = 6/3.", "solution": "m = 2"}, {"title": "Evaluating a Function", "content": "If f(x) = 3x − 5, find f(4). Substitute: f(4) = 3(4) − 5 = 12 − 5.", "solution": "f(4) = 7"}]	[{"hint": "Use m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).", "answer": "m = 2", "question": "Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (6, 13)."}, {"hint": "Use slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.", "answer": "y = 3x − 2", "question": "Write the equation of a line with slope 3 and y-intercept −2."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Exponential Functions	A linear function produces a straight line. The slope (m) measures steepness. The y-intercept (b) is where the line crosses the y-axis.	Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b | Slope: m = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)	[{"step": "Find slope between (1,3) and (4,9)", "work": "m=(9-3)/(4-1)=6/3=2", "answer": "m=2"}]	[{"mistake": "Swapping x and y values in the slope formula", "correction": "Slope = rise/run = (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁). Keep the order consistent."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Exponential Functions helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	f
441	147	Exponential Growth and Decay	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.619863	Understand the concepts and methods of Exponential Growth and Decay.\nSolve problems involving Exponential Growth and Decay accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Exponential Growth and Decay to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Exponential Growth and Decay. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Applying Concepts", "content": "Apply the methods from this lesson to solve a problem involving Exponential Growth and Decay. Identify the key information, set up your work, and solve step by step.", "solution": "Verify your answer by substituting back or using a different method."}]	[{"hint": "Review the examples above and follow the same process.", "answer": null, "question": "Solve a problem related to Exponential Growth and Decay using the methods from this lesson."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Exponential Growth and Decay	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Exponential Growth and Decay. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Exponential Growth and Decay", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Exponential Growth and Decay helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	f
444	148	Series and Summation	\N	3	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.623143	Understand the concepts and methods of Series and Summation.\nSolve problems involving Series and Summation accurately.\nShow work and explain reasoning step by step.\nIdentify and avoid common mistakes.\nApply Series and Summation to real-world situations.	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Series and Summation. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	[{"term": "Expression", "definition": "A combination of numbers, variables, and operations."}, {"term": "Equation", "definition": "A statement that two expressions are equal."}, {"term": "Solution", "definition": "A value that makes an equation true."}, {"term": "Variable", "definition": "A letter representing an unknown value."}]	[{"title": "Basic Addition", "content": "Add 69 + 72. Start in the ones place: 9 + 2 = 11. Since the sum is 10 or more, write 1 and carry 1. Continue to the tens place.", "solution": "69 + 72 = 141"}, {"title": "Word Problem", "content": "A library has 678 fiction books and 520 nonfiction books. How many books does the library have in total? Identify the operation: we are combining two quantities, so we add.", "solution": "678 + 520 = 1198 books"}]	[{"hint": "Start with the ones place. Regroup if the sum exceeds 9.", "answer": "171", "question": "Calculate: 86 + 85"}, {"hint": "Identify the two quantities and add them.", "answer": "822 items", "question": "A store sold 383 items on Monday and 439 items on Tuesday. How many items were sold in total?"}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Series and Summation	This lesson covers important mathematical concepts related to Series and Summation. Mathematics builds cumulatively—each new concept relies on understanding previous ones. Approach each problem methodically: identify what is given, determine what to find, choose a strategy, solve step by step, and verify your answer.	\N	[{"step": "Apply the concepts from Series and Summation", "work": "Identify given information, set up the problem, solve systematically, check your work.", "answer": "Verify by substituting back into the original problem."}]	[{"mistake": "Skipping steps and trying to solve in your head", "correction": "Show every step. This helps you catch errors and earn partial credit."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Series and Summation helps you solve real problems — from budgeting money and measuring ingredients to analyzing data and designing structures.	f
457	153	Kinematics	\N	1	\N	\N	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.637313	Explain the key scientific concepts of Kinematics.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Kinematics to real-world applications.	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Kinematics. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	[{"title": "Scientific Method in Action", "content": "Observation: Plants near the window grow taller. Question: Does more sunlight help plants grow? Hypothesis: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow taller. Experiment: Grow identical plants with different amounts of light. Measure height after 2 weeks.", "solution": "The scientific method turns observations into testable experiments."}]	[{"hint": "What would you change? What would you measure?", "answer": null, "question": "Design a simple experiment related to Kinematics. Identify the independent and dependent variables."}]	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Kinematics	This lesson explores scientific concepts related to Kinematics. Science uses the scientific method: observe → question → hypothesize → experiment → analyze → conclude. Always record observations carefully, control variables, and base conclusions on evidence.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Understanding Kinematics connects to real-world applications in technology, health, and environmental stewardship.	f
459	153	Work Energy and Power	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.639246	Explain the key scientific concepts of Work Energy and Power.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Work Energy and Power to real-world applications.	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	[{"title": "Energy Transformation", "content": "A flashlight: Chemical energy (battery) → Electrical energy (circuit) → Light energy (bulb) + Thermal energy (heat).", "solution": "Energy transforms between forms but the total amount stays the same."}]	[{"hint": "Chemical energy in your body starts the chain.", "answer": "Chemical → kinetic (pedaling) → mechanical (wheels turning) → some thermal (friction/heat).", "question": "List three energy transformations that happen when you ride a bicycle."}, {"hint": "Think about the path electricity follows.", "answer": "Series has one path (if one component fails, all fail). Parallel has multiple paths (components work independently).", "question": "What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Work Energy and Power	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Energy science underpins electricity, renewable power, communication technology, and medical imaging.	t
461	154	Sound Waves	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.64132	Explain the key scientific concepts of Sound Waves.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Sound Waves to real-world applications.	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	[{"title": "Energy Transformation", "content": "A flashlight: Chemical energy (battery) → Electrical energy (circuit) → Light energy (bulb) + Thermal energy (heat).", "solution": "Energy transforms between forms but the total amount stays the same."}]	[{"hint": "Chemical energy in your body starts the chain.", "answer": "Chemical → kinetic (pedaling) → mechanical (wheels turning) → some thermal (friction/heat).", "question": "List three energy transformations that happen when you ride a bicycle."}, {"hint": "Think about the path electricity follows.", "answer": "Series has one path (if one component fails, all fail). Parallel has multiple paths (components work independently).", "question": "What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Sound Waves	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Energy science underpins electricity, renewable power, communication technology, and medical imaging.	t
465	155	Magnetism	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics	Khan Academy: Physics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.645087	Explain the key scientific concepts of Magnetism.\nUse scientific vocabulary accurately.\nApply the scientific method to investigate questions.\nAnalyze data and draw evidence-based conclusions.\nConnect Magnetism to real-world applications.	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	[{"title": "Energy Transformation", "content": "A flashlight: Chemical energy (battery) → Electrical energy (circuit) → Light energy (bulb) + Thermal energy (heat).", "solution": "Energy transforms between forms but the total amount stays the same."}]	[{"hint": "Chemical energy in your body starts the chain.", "answer": "Chemical → kinetic (pedaling) → mechanical (wheels turning) → some thermal (friction/heat).", "question": "List three energy transformations that happen when you ride a bicycle."}, {"hint": "Think about the path electricity follows.", "answer": "Series has one path (if one component fails, all fail). Parallel has multiple paths (components work independently).", "question": "What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Magnetism	Energy is the ability to do work. Forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, chemical, light, sound. Conservation of energy: energy transforms but total amount stays constant. Circuits need a source, conductor, and load. Waves transfer energy; mechanical waves need a medium, electromagnetic waves do not.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Energy science underpins electricity, renewable power, communication technology, and medical imaging.	t
469	157	Constitution and Federalism	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics	Khan Academy: US Government & Civics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.649576	Explain key concepts related to Constitution and Federalism.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	[{"title": "Checks and Balances", "content": "Congress passes a law → President can veto it → Congress can override with 2/3 vote → Supreme Court can declare it unconstitutional. Each branch checks the others.", "solution": "No single branch can act without oversight from the others."}]	[{"hint": "Think: make laws, enforce laws, interpret laws.", "answer": "Legislative (makes laws), Executive (enforces laws), Judicial (interprets laws).", "question": "Name the three branches of government and the main function of each."}, {"hint": "What would happen if one branch had unlimited power?", "answer": "It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, protecting citizens' rights.", "question": "Why is the system of checks and balances important?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Constitution and Federalism	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Excerpt: The Preamble to the Constitution	primary_source	"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	Understanding government helps citizens participate in democracy through voting, civic engagement, and understanding their rights.	t
470	157	Congress	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics	Khan Academy: US Government & Civics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.650432	Explain key concepts related to Congress.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Congress. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Congress, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Congress and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Congress connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Congress	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Congress. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Congress. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Congress develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
472	158	Bill of Rights	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics	Khan Academy: US Government & Civics	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.652615	Explain key concepts related to Bill of Rights.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	[{"title": "Checks and Balances", "content": "Congress passes a law → President can veto it → Congress can override with 2/3 vote → Supreme Court can declare it unconstitutional. Each branch checks the others.", "solution": "No single branch can act without oversight from the others."}]	[{"hint": "Think: make laws, enforce laws, interpret laws.", "answer": "Legislative (makes laws), Executive (enforces laws), Judicial (interprets laws).", "question": "Name the three branches of government and the main function of each."}, {"hint": "What would happen if one branch had unlimited power?", "answer": "It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, protecting citizens' rights.", "question": "Why is the system of checks and balances important?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Bill of Rights	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Excerpt: The Preamble to the Constitution	primary_source	"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."	The United States Constitution, ratified in 1788, established a federal system with three branches: legislative (Congress makes laws), executive (President enforces laws), and judicial (courts interpret laws). The Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) protects individual freedoms. Checks and balances prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.	\N	\N	Understanding government helps citizens participate in democracy through voting, civic engagement, and understanding their rights.	t
474	158	Equal Protection	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history	Khan Academy: US History	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.654572	Explain key concepts related to Equal Protection.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Equal Protection. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Analyzing a Source", "content": "When studying Equal Protection, ask: Who created this source? When? Why? What perspective does it represent? What might be missing?", "solution": "Critical analysis reveals more than surface-level reading."}]	[{"hint": "Choose something that had a lasting impact.", "answer": null, "question": "Identify one key event, person, or concept related to Equal Protection and explain its significance."}, {"hint": "Think about lasting impacts on laws, culture, or geography.", "answer": null, "question": "How does Equal Protection connect to or affect the present day?"}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Equal Protection	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Equal Protection. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Equal Protection. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Equal Protection develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
476	159	Market Structures	\N	2	https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain	Khan Academy: Economics & Finance	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.656768	Explain key concepts related to Market Structures.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	Economics studies how people use limited resources. Supply and demand determine prices. Scarcity forces choices. Opportunity cost is what you give up when choosing. GDP measures national economic output. Inflation reduces purchasing power over time.	\N	[{"title": "Supply and Demand", "content": "A popular toy at holiday time: demand is high but supply is limited → price increases. After the holidays: demand drops → price decreases or stores offer sales.", "solution": "Prices rise when demand exceeds supply and fall when supply exceeds demand."}]	[{"hint": "Opportunity cost is what you give up.", "answer": "The concert experience is the opportunity cost.", "question": "You have $50. You can buy a video game or go to a concert. If you choose the game, what is the opportunity cost?"}, {"hint": "How does rain affect demand for umbrellas?", "answer": "Demand increases while supply stays the same, so the price tends to rise.", "question": "Explain what happens to the price of umbrellas when it starts raining heavily."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Market Structures	Economics studies how people use limited resources. Supply and demand determine prices. Scarcity forces choices. Opportunity cost is what you give up when choosing. GDP measures national economic output. Inflation reduces purchasing power over time.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	Economics studies how people use limited resources. Supply and demand determine prices. Scarcity forces choices. Opportunity cost is what you give up when choosing. GDP measures national economic output. Inflation reduces purchasing power over time.	\N	\N	Economic literacy helps with personal budgeting, career decisions, understanding policy, and financial planning.	t
478	160	Budgeting	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain	Khan Academy: Economics & Finance	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.658913	Explain key concepts related to Budgeting.\nUse historical vocabulary accurately.\nAnalyze causes, effects, and perspectives.\nSupport claims with evidence from sources.\nConnect historical events to the present day.	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Budgeting. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	[{"title": "Supply and Demand", "content": "A popular toy at holiday time: demand is high but supply is limited → price increases. After the holidays: demand drops → price decreases or stores offer sales.", "solution": "Prices rise when demand exceeds supply and fall when supply exceeds demand."}]	[{"hint": "Opportunity cost is what you give up.", "answer": "The concert experience is the opportunity cost.", "question": "You have $50. You can buy a video game or go to a concert. If you choose the game, what is the opportunity cost?"}, {"hint": "How does rain affect demand for umbrellas?", "answer": "Demand increases while supply stays the same, so the price tends to rise.", "question": "Explain what happens to the price of umbrellas when it starts raining heavily."}]	Khan Academy	\N	\N	\N	\N	Grade 11	High School	\N	\N	f	Budgeting	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Budgeting. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	This lesson examines important social studies concepts related to Budgeting. Social studies encompasses history, geography, government, economics, and culture. Understanding the past helps us make informed decisions about the present and future.	\N	\N	Studying Budgeting develops critical thinking, civic awareness, and understanding of diverse perspectives.	t
495	165	Romantic and Victorian Era	\N	3	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.676764	Read and comprehend a grade-level poem.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a poem. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Romantic and Victorian Era, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	November Light	poem	November Light\n\nThe trees have shed their arguments,\nstanding bare against the gray,\neach branch a question mark\npointed at the sky.\n\nThe pond holds still—\na mirror for the geese\nwho cross it twice,\nonce in flight, once in reflection,\nneither version quite the truth.\n\nThe wind has changed its mind again,\npushing leaves across the road\nlike scattered pages\nfrom a book nobody finished.\n\nAnd the light—\nthat low, amber light of November—\nslants through everything\nas if the sun is trying\nto read the world\none last time before it sets.\n\nI stand at the edge of the field\nwhere the grass has gone to gold,\nand I think about the things\nthat only silence teaches:\n\nhow a season ends\nnot with a sound\nbut with a softening,\n\nhow the earth lets go\nwithout being asked,\n\nhow even the shortest days\ncarry more light\nthan we remember.	Original poem for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 12	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
496	166	Modernist Writers	\N	1	https://www.khanacademy.org/ela	Khan Academy: Reading & Language Arts	10-15 min	\N	\N	t	2026-06-23 11:23:04.678207	Read and comprehend a grade-level primary source.\nApply the skill of reading comprehension to the reading.\nIdentify and define key vocabulary from the passage.\nSupport answers with evidence from the text.\nWrite an analytical response using textual evidence.	This lesson develops your ability in reading comprehension through close reading of a primary source. At this level, reading is an active, analytical process. You should consider not only what the text says, but how the author constructs meaning through language, structure, and rhetorical choices.\n\nAs you read, consider the author's purpose, audience, tone, and the techniques used to convey the central message. Your responses should demonstrate critical thinking and include direct references to the text.	[{"term": "pinnacle", "definition": "The highest point of development or achievement."}, {"term": "rhetoric", "definition": "The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing."}, {"term": "paradox", "definition": "A statement that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth."}, {"term": "critique", "definition": "A detailed analysis and assessment of something."}, {"term": "juxtaposition", "definition": "Placing two things close together for comparison or contrast."}, {"term": "implicit", "definition": "Suggested but not directly expressed; implied."}]	[{"title": "Textual Evidence", "content": "When making a claim about a text, support it with a specific reference: \\"The author suggests that persistence matters, as shown when the character states, 'I won't give up no matter what.'\\"", "solution": "Always connect your evidence back to your main point."}]	[{"hint": "Claim → Evidence → Explanation. This is the C-E-E structure.", "answer": null, "question": "Based on your study of Modernist Writers, write a response that includes a claim, evidence from the text, and an explanation."}]	Khan Academy	Letter from the Western Frontier, 1849	primary_source	April 14, 1849\n\nDear Mother,\n\nI write to you from a place that has no name on any map I have seen. We have been traveling for thirty-seven days since leaving Independence, Missouri, and the country has changed in ways I cannot easily describe. The trees thinned and then disappeared entirely. The grass stretches to the horizon in every direction, rippling in the wind like a green ocean. At night, the sky holds more stars than I believed existed.\n\nOur company consists of twelve wagons and forty-one souls, including seven children. We travel fifteen miles on a good day, fewer when the rains turn the ground to mud. The oxen are patient but slow. I walk beside them most of the day, as the wagon is too crowded and too rough for sitting.\n\nI will not pretend the journey is pleasant. The dust is relentless. Water must be rationed. Mrs. Harlan lost her youngest to fever last week, and the company stopped for half a day while we buried the child on a hillside with no marker but a ring of stones.\n\nAnd yet, there is something in this landscape that I did not expect. A kind of openness that changes the way you think. In St. Louis, I worried about small things—the price of flour, the condition of the roads, whether the neighbors approved of our fence. Out here, those worries seem to belong to someone else. The land asks different questions. Can you build a fire in the wind? Can you find water before dark? Can you keep walking when your legs want to stop?\n\nI do not know what waits for us in California. The stories we hear are wild and contradictory—fortunes made overnight, cities of tents, lawlessness, and opportunity in equal measure. I choose to believe the version that makes the sacrifice worthwhile.\n\nGive my love to Father and the children. I carry your letters in my coat pocket, close to my chest.\n\nYour devoted son,\nWilliam	Original historical fiction letter for JNM Home Education Program	Grade 12	High School	\N	\N	f	Reading comprehension	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	\N	t
